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摘要: 基于简易机场建设的特点和使用要求, 选用济宁土在室内进行了液限、塑限、击实、回弹模量、CBR和无侧限抗压强度试验。在室外选择抗耐土壤稳定剂、水泥、石灰、二灰(水泥与石灰)等稳定土修筑了试验段, 进行了回弹模量、CBR、弯沉、土压力和滚动摩擦因数试验, 对比研究了抗耐土壤稳定剂与传统无机结合料的加固效果。分析结果表明: 在室内试验中, 济宁土掺入抗耐土壤稳定剂后, 其水理性能、回弹模量和无侧限抗压强度均有提高, 尤其是掺入0.8%AC101稳定剂时, 塑性指数降低了21.9%, 最佳含水量减少了3.1%, 最大干密度与CBR值分别增大了1.32%、61.5%;涂刷HOD1稳定剂后, 试件在浸水和不浸水的条件下, CBR值分别提高了212%、146%。在现场试验中, 抗耐稳定土的早期承载能力与水泥土、二灰土作用效果基本相同, 高于石灰土, 但随着加固土龄期的增长, 水泥土、二灰土承载能力的增长幅度要大于抗耐稳定土, 28d龄期时抗耐稳定土与石灰土的承载能力基本相同。Abstract: Based on the characteristics and construction requirement of expedient airfield, the indoor tests of liquid limit, plastic limit, compaction, resilient modulus, CBR and unconfined compressive strength were designed for Jining soil. The outdoor test roads were constructed with con-aid soil stabilizer, cement, lime and cement-lime, the field tests of resilient modulus, CBR, deflection, soil pressure and rolling friction factor were done, the reinforcement effects of con-aid soil stabilizer and traditional inorganic binder were compared. Analysis result shows that the physical properties of water, resilient modulus and unconfined compressive strength greatly increase after adding con-aid soil stabilizer in Jining soil. After adding the AC101 stabilizer about 0.8%, plasticity index reduces by 21.9%, the optimum water content decreases by 3.1%, the maximum dry density and CBR value increase by 1.32%, 61.5% respectievly. After adding HOD1 stabilizer, CBR values increase by 212% with the flooding of test specimen and by 146% without the flooding of test specimen respectievly. In field tests, the bearing capacity of con-aid soil stabilizer reinforced soil is similar to cement reinforced soil and cement-lime reinforced soil, and is higher than lime reinforced soil during early period, but the growth rates of bearing capacities for cement reinforced soil and cement-lime reinforced soil are greater than con-aid soil stabilizer reinforced soil with the increase of age, the bearing capacity of con-aid soil stabilizer reinforced soil is similar to lime reinforced soil at 28 d.
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表 1 抗耐土壤稳定剂技术性能
Table 1. Technical performances of con-aid soil stabilizer
外观特征 浓缩液pH值 25 ℃时重度/(kN·m-3) 凝结点/℃ 阴离子表面活性剂含量(质量分数)/% 不同稀释度溶液(%)的表面张力/(10-3 N·m-1) 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 半透明、深红色 0.5~1.0 1.02±0.01 < 0 8.5 77 75 42 42 
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表 2 水泥技术性能
Table 2. Technical performances of cement
化学成分 混合料掺量/% 石膏 物理性能 抗折强度/MPa 抗压强度/MPa SO3/% MgO/% 氯离子/% 矿渣 煤渣 品种 掺量/% 安定性 细度(0.08 mm筛筛余)/% 凝结时间/min 3 d 3 d 初凝 终凝 2.440 4.640 0.008 30 — 二水石膏 4 合格 2.2 200 272 3.3 16.4
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表 3 石灰技术性能
Table 3. Technical performances of lime
产品名称 样品状态 检验依据 CaO与MgO含量/% 结论 一等品 实测结果 消石灰粉 正常 JC/T 481—92 ≥60 69 该样品为镁质消石灰粉, MgO含量为13.18%
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表 4 土的基本性能
Table 4. Basic performances of soil
名称 液限/% 塑限/% 塑性指数 最大干密度/(g·cm-3) 规范命名 济宁土 30.6 16.5 14.1 1.850 低液限粉土
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表 5 第1组试验无侧限抗压强度
Table 5. Unconfined compressive strengths of first group tests
稳定剂掺量及种类 0.4%AC101 0.8%AC101 1.2%AC101 1.6%AC101 2.0%AC101 2.5%AC101 0.8%AC101+5%HOD1 强度/MPa 0.75 1.24 1.31 1.46 1.65 1.92 2.57
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表 6 第2组试验无侧限抗压强度
Table 6. Unconfined compressive strengths of second group tests
稳定剂掺量及种类 素土 2%水泥 4%水泥 6%水泥 2%水泥+2%石灰 4%水泥+4%石灰 6%水泥+6%石灰 强度/MPa 0.70 0.74 0.85 1.55 1.91 2.49 2.98
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表 7 水理性能试验结果
Table 7. Test results of physical properties for water
稳定剂掺量及种类 素土 0.4%AC101 0.8%AC101 4%水泥 液限/% 30.6 29.9 34.5 36.3 塑限/% 16.5 16.8 23.5 24.0 塑性指数 14.1 13.1 11.0 12.3
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表 8 击实试验结果
Table 8. Results of compaction test
稳定剂掺量及种类 素土 2%水泥 4%水泥 6%水泥 4%石灰 0.8%AC101 1.5%AC101 最大干密度/(g·cm-3) 1.900 1.910 1.923 1.928 1.910 1.925 1.973 最佳含水量/% 13.0 13.5 13.9 14.5 13.4 12.6 12.5
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表 9 回弹模量试验结果
Table 9. Test results of resilient modulus
MPa 稳定剂掺量及种类 3 d浸水 3 d不浸水 7 d浸水 7 d不浸水 6%水泥 365 560 512 786 0.8%AC101 734 772
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表 10 CBR试验结果
Table 10. Test results of CBR
稳定剂掺量及种类 素土 0.8%AC101 0.8%AC101+5%HOD1 浸水CBR值/% 6.8 4.4 21.2 不浸水CBR值/% 20.0 32.3 49.2
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表 11 不同材料对固化土强度的影响
Table 11. Influences of different materials on reinforced soil strengths
MPa 稳定剂掺量及种类 素土 0.8%AC101 4%石灰 4%水泥 3 d强度 0.62 0.89 0.78 1.12 7 d强度 0.73 1.24 0.97 1.56
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表 12 不同压实度对固化土强度的影响
Table 12. Influences of different compaction degrees on reinforced soil strengths
MPa 压实度/% 93 95 97 98 100 素土+0.8%AC101 0.88 1.14 1.37 1.44 1.56
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表 13 不同含水量对固化土强度的影响
Table 13. Influences of different water contents on reinforced soil strengths
MPa 含水量/% 9 11 12 13 14 16 素土+0.8%AC101 1.08 1.30 1.17 1.02 0.89 0.67
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表 14 滚动摩擦因数试验结果
Table 14. Test results of rolling friction factor
龄期/d 结构层形式 0.8%AC101抗耐土 5%石灰土 5%水泥土 5%二灰土 水泥混凝土 3 0.36 0.25 0.22 0.23 0.15 14 0.34 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.13 28 0.32 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.13
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