Evaluation of plant-produced porous warm-mix asphalt mixture using LEADCAP additive
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Abstract: Warm-mix asphalt(WMA) technology was applied for asphalt mixture, plant-produced porous WMA using LEADCAP additive(porous WMA-LEADCAP) test section was built and compacted at 30℃ lower than porous hot-mix asphalt(porous HMA) test section.Marshall mix designs were conducted for porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture and porous HMA mixture in terms of Marshall stability, Cantabro loss and dynamic stability. The workability, compactablity and surface quality of porous WMA-LEADCAP pavement were investigated, and the engineering properties of plant-produced porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture and plant-produced porous HMA mixture were evaluated based on indirect tensile strength test and dynamic immersion test. Analysis result shows that LEADCAP additive does not affect polymermodified asphalt in terms of penetration, softening point, viscosity, ductility, toughness and tenacity. Porous WMA-LEADCAP pavement has similar field density, permeability and smoothness compared with standard porous HMA pavement. Plant-produced porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture is equivalent to plantproduced porous HMA mixture in indirect tensile strength, toughness and stripping resistance.
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Table 1. Test results of asphalt binders with/without additive
Parameter Porous asphalt Porous asphalt with LEADCAP additive Target Penetration/0.1 mm 53 48 ≥40 Softening point/℃ 93.0 91.5 ≥80 Viscosity(160 ℃)/(mPa·s) 939 872 Ductility(15 ℃)/cm 74 56 ≥50 Toughness/(N·m) 20.0 20.1 ≥20 Tenacity/(N·m) 11.6 11.4 
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Table 2. Mix design results
Design parameter Porous HMA mixture Porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture Target Marshall stability/kN 6.00 5.11 ≥3.5 Marshall flow value/0.1 mm 31 43 Cantabro loss at 20 ℃ (Standard)/% 8.1 10.1 ≤20 Cantabro loss at 20 ℃ (Water immersion)/% 8.3 13.3 ≤20 Dynamic stability(Cycle)/mm 5 730 4 850 ≥3 000
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Table 3. Temperature informations
Temperature/℃ Porous HMA mixture Porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture Reduction Production 184 154 -30 Lay-down 174 147 -27 Initial compaction 148 118 -30 Ending compaction 103 100 -3
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Table 4. Permeability and smoothness
Surface quality Porous HMA mixture Porous WMA-LEADCAP mixture Target Permeability ratio/[mL·(15 s)-1] 1 192 1 230 ≥1 000 Smoothness/mm 1.40 2.19 ≤2.4
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