Dynamic multi-objective optimization model of arrival and departure flights on multiple runways based on RHC-GA
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摘要: 以管制负荷与航班延误总成本最小为目标函数, 以尾流间隔、跑道限制与最大位置约束为约束条件, 结合中国民航最新运行标准, 建立了基于滚动时域控制策略的多跑道进离场航班多目标动态优化模型。针对模型求解规模庞大的特点, 结合滚动时域控制策略的动态特性, 设计了求解模型的遗传算法, 选取中国某大型繁忙机场高峰时段的48个航班数据进行实例验证。仿真结果表明: 当重、中、轻3种机型的单位飞行成本分别为25、16、10元·s-1时, 采用现有先到先服务的策略, 总延误损失为36 098元, 管制负荷为32架次; 当采用5个滚动时域的控制策略时, 总延误损失为28 900元, 管制负荷为31架次; 当采用4个滚动时域的控制策略时, 总延误损失为27 375元, 管制负荷为32架次; 当采用3个滚动时域的控制策略时, 总延误损失为27 194元, 管制负荷为33架次。与现有的先到先服务策略相比, 提出的模型能动态地优化多跑道进离场航班排序问题, 有效减少延误损失, 并均衡跑道资源利用状况。Abstract: The minimum control workload and flight delay were taken as objective functions, wake turbulence separation, runway restriction and the maximum position limit were taken as constraint conditions, and the dynamic multi-objective optimization model of arrival and departure flights on multiple runways based on RHC-GA was set up by considering the latest operation standards of Civil Aviation Administration of China.For the large solution scale of the proposed model, genetic algorithm was designed to solve the proposed model with the dynamic characteristics of receding horizon control strategy, and the 48 flights data in the peak period of a large Chinese busy airport were selected to verify the model.Simulation result shows that when the unit flight costs of heavy, medium and light aircrafts are 25, 16, 10yuan·s-1 respectively, the total delay cost is36 098 yuan and the control workload is 32 sorties by using the first come first served(FCFS)strategy.The total delay cost is 28 900 yuan and the control workload is 31 sorties by using the receding horizon control strategy with 5receding horizons, the total delay cost is 27 375 yuan andthe control workload is 32 sorties by using the receding horizon control strategy with 4receding horizons, and the total delay cost is 27 194 yuan and the control workload is 33 sorties by using the receding horizon control strategy with 3receding horizons.Compared with the existing FCFS strategy, the proposed model is able to optimize the multi-runway sequencing problem of arrival and departure flights more dynamically, and the total delay cost reduces more efficiently and the runway resource could be utilized more evenly.
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表 1 最小距离间隔
Table 1. Minimum distance intervals
表 2 最小时间间隔
Table 2. Minimum time intervals
表 3 方法1、4的优化结果
Table 3. Optimization results of methods 1and 4
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