Comparison of wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration characteristics for three-line three-tower suspension bridge
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摘要: 以某三线合一、三塔悬索桥的2种设计方案(钢箱桁和钢桁方案)为工程背景, 通过车桥系统节段模型风洞试验, 测试了车辆和桥梁的三分力系数, 并基于风-车-桥系统空间耦合动力学模型, 采用自主研发的桥梁分析软件BANSYS, 对比分析了该桥的结构动力特性与风-车-桥耦合振动性能。分析结果表明: 三线合一、三塔悬索桥结构自振频率较低; 车辆气动力受轨道位置的影响较大, 钢桁方案迎风侧车辆阻力系数约为钢箱桁方案的2.2倍; 当风速为0时, 桥梁、车辆的动力响应总体上是随车速的增大而增大, 在同一车速下, 钢桁方案的桥梁位移较钢箱桁方案大, 主要是由于钢桁方案的桥梁整体刚度略弱于钢箱桁方案; 当考虑风速影响时, 桥梁的横向响应随风速的增大而显著增大; 车辆位于迎风侧, 风速为25m·s-1时, 钢箱桁方案和钢桁方案的桥梁横向位移约分别为风速为15m·s-1时的位移的2.4倍和3.8倍, 横风对桥梁的横向响应起主导作用; 同一风速时钢桁方案的桥梁响应总体上较钢箱桁方案大; 同一方案时车辆响应随风速的增大而增大, 当风速达到25m·s-1时, 车辆动力响应显著增加, 相比15m·s-1时最大增加幅度为71.6%。Abstract: Taking the two design schemes(steel-box-truss and steel-truss schemes)of a three-line three-tower suspension bridge as the research object, the three-component coefficients of forces for vehicle and bridge were obtained by the wind tunnel tests of vehicle-bridge system section model.Based on the spatial dynamics model of wind-vehicle-bridge(WVB)system, the dynamic characteristics of bridge and the coupling vibration characteristics of WVB system were analyzed by using the self-developed software BANSYS. Analysis result indicates that the natural frequencies of three-line three-tower suspension bridge are comparatively low.The aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle were greatly affected by track position, and the drag coefficient of windward vehicle for the steel-truss scheme is about 2.2 times that for the steel-box-truss scheme.When wind speed is 0, the dynamic responses of bridge and vehicle increase with the increase of vehicle speed.The displacements of bridge for the steel-truss scheme are bigger than those for the steel-box-truss scheme at the same vehicle speed, which is resulted from the weaker whole stiffness for the steel-truss scheme.When wind speed is considered, the lateral responsesof bridge greatly increase with wind speed increasing.When vehicle is running on the windward side and wind speed increases from 15m·s-1 to 25m·s-1, the lateral displacements of bridge for the steel-box-truss and steel-truss schemes enlarge to approximate 2.4 times and 3.8 times respectively, and crosswind is dominant to the lateral responses of bridge.On the whole, the bridge responses for the steel-truss scheme are larger than those for the steel-box-truss scheme under the same wind speed.As for the same scheme, vehicle responses increase with wind speed increasing.When wind speed reaches 25 m·s-1, the dynamic responses remarkably increase, and the maximum response index increases by 71.6% compared with that at the wind speed of 15m·s-1.
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图 2 钢箱桁方案加劲梁横断面
Figure 2. Cross-section of stiffening girder for steel-box-truss scheme
表 1 桥梁自振频率与振型描述
Table 1. Natural frequencies and vibration mode descriptions of bridge
表 2 车辆三分力系数
Table 2. Three-component coefficients of vehicle
表 3 不同车速下的桥梁响应
Table 3. Bridge responses at different vehicle speeds
表 4 不同风速下的桥梁响应
Table 4. Bridge responses at different wind speeds
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