Finite element simulation of inside-outside temperature gradient and thermal stress for abutment mass concrete
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摘要: 针对大体积混凝土因水化热引起的早期开裂问题, 以内蒙古老山沟公路大桥承台为依托, 建立了大体积混凝土三维有限元模型, 分析了粉煤灰掺量、浇筑温度、环境温度与养护措施对承台中心温度、里表温差与表面拉应力的影响。模拟结果表明: 混凝土表面拉应力随粉煤灰掺量增大而减小, 当掺量超过30%时, 降幅增大, 中心温度、里表温差和表面拉应力均随其掺量增大而减小, 可见掺加粉煤灰可有效降低混凝土水化热, 防止表面温差裂缝的产生; 当浇筑温度从5℃到30℃变化时, 中心最高温度从40.3℃升至58.1℃, 里表最大温差从8.6℃升至19.0℃, 表面最大拉应力从0.93 MPa升至1.66 MPa, 且随浇筑温度的增大, 中心最高温度和里表最大温差产生的时间有所提前, 表面拉应力呈线性增大趋势; 里表温差和表面拉应力都随环境温度增大而减小, 且表面拉应力与环境温度基本呈线性关系; 养护条件越好, 里表温差越小, 表面拉应力明显降低, 且前期表面拉应力增速减慢, 峰值出现时间推迟, 有利于裂缝控制。Abstract: Aimed at the earlier temperature cracks of mass concrete during construction, a 3D finite element model of mass concrete was built based on the abutment of Laoshangou Highway Bridge in Inner Mongolia, and the effects of content of fly ash, pouring temperature, environmental temperature, and maintenance measure on central temperature, temperature difference between inside and outside, and surface tensile stress of abutment were analyzed.Simulation result shows that the surface tensile stress of concrete increases with the content decrease of fly ash, the decline increases when the content exceeds 30%, and the central temperature, the temperature difference between inside and outside, and the surface tensile stress decrease with the increasse of adding dosage of fly ash, so effective adding fly ash can reduce thehydration heat of concrete and prevent the occurrence of cracks due to the surface temperature difference.When the pouring temperature increases from 5 ℃ to 30 ℃, the highest central temperature of concrete increases from 40.3 ℃ to 58.1 ℃, the maximum temperature difference between inside and outside increases from 8.6 ℃ to 19.0 ℃, and the maximum tensile stress increases from 0.93 MPa to 1.66 MPa.The highest central temperature of concrete and the maximum temperature difference between inside and outside appear in advance, and the surface tensile stress increases linearly along with the increase of pouring temperature.The temperature difference between inside and outside and the surface tensile stress decrease with the increase of environmental temperature, and the relationship between the surface tensile stress and the environmental temperature is linear basically.The better curing condition is, the smaller the temperature difference between inside and outside is, the slower the increase speed of surface tensile stress is, the later the occurred time of maximum surface tensile stress is, which are beneficial to control the cracks.
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Key words:
- material engineering /
- mass concrete /
- temperature field /
- thermal stress /
- numerical analysis /
- crack
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图 2 不同粉煤灰掺量下的中心温度与时间的关系曲线
Figure 2. Relational curves of central temperature and time under different fly ash contents
图 3 不同粉煤灰掺量下的里表温差与时间的关系曲线
Figure 3. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and time under different fly ash contents
图 4 不同粉煤灰掺量下的表面拉应力与时间的关系曲线
Figure 4. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and time under different fly ash contents
图 5 中心温度与粉煤灰掺量的关系曲线
Figure 5. Relational curves of center temperature and fly ash content
图 6 里表温差与粉煤灰掺量的关系曲线
Figure 6. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and fly ash content
图 7 表面拉应力与粉煤灰掺量的关系曲线
Figure 7. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and fly ash content
图 8 不同浇筑温度下中心温度与时间的关系曲线
Figure 8. Relational curves of central temperature and time under different pouring temperatures
图 9 不同浇筑温度下里表温差与时间的关系曲线
Figure 9. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and time under different pouring temperatures
图 10 不同浇筑温度下表面拉应力与时间的关系曲线
Figure 10. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and time under different pouring temperatures
图 11 中心温度与浇筑温度的关系曲线
Figure 11. Relational curves of center temperature and pouring temperature
图 12 里表温差与浇筑温度的关系曲线
Figure 12. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and pouring temperature
图 13 表面拉应力与浇筑温度的关系曲线
Figure 13. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and pouring temperature
图 14 不同环境温度下中心温度与时间的关系曲线
Figure 14. Relational curves of central temperature and time under different environmental temperatures
图 15 不同环境温度下里表温差与时间的关系曲线
Figure 15. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and time under different environmental temperatures
图 16 不同环境温度下表面拉应力与时间的关系曲线
Figure 16. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and time under different environmental temperatures
图 17 中心温度与环境温度的关系曲线
Figure 17. Relational curves of central temperature and environmental temperature
图 18 里表温差与环境温度的关系曲线
Figure 18. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and environmental temperature
图 19 表面拉应力与环境温度的关系曲线
Figure 19. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and environmental temperature
图 20 不同养护条件下中心温度与时间的关系曲线
Figure 20. Relational curves of central temperature and time under different maintaining conditions
图 21 不同养护条件下表面温度与时间的关系曲线
Figure 21. Relational curves of surface temperature and time under different maintaining conditions
图 22 不同养护条件下里表温差与时间的关系曲线
Figure 22. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and time under different maintaining conditions
图 23 不同养护条件下表面拉应力与时间的关系曲线
Figure 23. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and time under different maintaining conditions
图 24 中心温度与养护条件的关系曲线
Figure 24. Relational curves of center temperature and maintaining condition
图 25 表面温度与养护条件的关系曲线
Figure 25. Relational curves of surface temperature and maintaining condition
图 26 里表温差与养护条件的关系曲线
Figure 26. Relational curves of inside-outside temperature difference and maintaining condition
图 27 表面拉应力与养护条件的关系曲线
Figure 27. Relational curves of surface tensile stress and maintaining condition
表 1 材料计算参数
Table 1. Calculation parameters of materials
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