Translation control model and optimization method of immersed tube under action of water flow
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摘要: 针对水流作用下的沉管平移控制问题, 在数学描述的基础上对拖轮合力、合力矩进行了分析, 统一了四象限拖轮力矩的计算公式, 构建了考虑作业拖轮数量、拖力裕量、浮运速度的沉管平移控制优化模型, 提出了基于加权对数理想点法的粒子群优化方法, 运用克拉默法则进行拖力大小和角度的约束处理, 通过港珠澳大桥岛隧工程沉管隧道管节浮运控制算例进行仿真。仿真结果表明: 拖轮总数量为6艘时, 涨潮流情况下所得浮运速度为4.770 kn, 适应度为0.720, 作业拖轮数量为3艘, 拖力裕量乘积为2.693×1020 kN6; 落潮流情况下所得浮运速度为1.750 kn, 适应度为3.042, 作业拖轮数量为5艘, 拖力裕量乘积为3.352×1019 kN6。可见, 本文提出的模型和方法具有较强的适用性, 适应度较优, 作业拖轮数量较小, 拖力裕量与浮运速度较大。Abstract: Aiming at the translation control of immersed tube under the action of water flow, the resultant force and resultant moment of tugboats were analyzed based on the mathematical description, the calculation equations of tug moment in four quadrants were unified, the translation control model of immersed tube was built, and the number of working tugboats, the surplus capacity of towing force and the floating speed were considered.A weighted logarithmic ideal point particle swarm optimization (WLIPPSO) method was designed.Cramer's rule was utilized to handle constraints for towing forces and angles of towing forces.The simulation was carried out through tube floating control example of immersed tube tunnel in island tunnel project of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.Simulation result shows that when the total number of tugboats is six, in rising tide the floating speed is 4.770 kn, the fitness is 0.720, the number of working tugboats is three, and the surplus capacity product of towing force is 2.693×1020 kN6.In falling tide the floating speed is 1.750 kn, the fitness is 3.042, the number of working tugboats is five, and the surplus capacity product of towing force is 3.352×1019 kN6.So the model and method proposed have strong applicability, the fitness is better, the number of working tugboats is smaller, surplus capacity of towing force and floating speed are higher.
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表 1 沉管参数
Table 1. Parameters of immersed tube
表 2 拖轮最大拖力
Table 2. Maximum towing forces of tugboats
表 3 各拖力作用点的坐标
Table 3. Coordinates of towing force points
表 4 各拖力角度的范围
Table 4. Ranges of towing force angles
表 5 涨潮流时WLIPPSO的计算结果
Table 5. Calculation result of WLIPPSO in rising tide
表 6 涨潮流时4种方法的结果对比
Table 6. Results comparison of four methods in rising tide
表 7 落潮流时WLIPPSO的计算结果
Table 7. Calculation result of WLIPPSO in falling tide
表 8 落潮流时4种方法的结果对比
Table 8. Results comparison of four methods in falling tide
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