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摘要: 在环-块式试验机上进行纯碳滑板/铜银合金接触线载流摩擦磨损试验, 通过改变转盘转速模拟高速列车弓网系统中碳滑板与接触线在电流为250 A, 相对滑动速度为160~350 km·h-1时, 不同相对滑动速度对弓网间的摩擦因数、载流效率、接触压力稳定性系数、电弧放电能量、碳滑板磨损率、碳滑板温升等参数的影响, 分析了6个参数与相对滑动速度之间的相关性与不同工况下受电弓滑板的磨损形貌。分析结果表明: 弓网间的摩擦因数、载流效率、接触压力稳定性系数随相对滑动速度的增大而降低, 电弧放电能量、碳滑板磨损率和碳滑板温升随相对滑动速度的增大而增大; 6个参数与相对滑动速度都呈强相关性, 其中接触压力稳定性系数、电弧放电能量、磨损率和碳滑板温升与相对滑动速度正相关, Pearson系数分别为0.991、0.996、0.952、0.991, 载流效率、摩擦因数与相对滑动速度速度负相关, Pearson系数分别为-0.990、-0.986;随着相对滑动速度的增大, 碳滑板的磨损愈发严重, 相对滑动速度超过250 km·h-1后, 碳滑板表面的裂纹显著增多且深度也明显增大; 磨损前后碳滑板的能谱分析表明, 碳滑板与接触线间材料的转移是双向的。Abstract: The friction and wear tests of pure carbon strip/Cu-Ag alloy contact wire were conducted on a ring-block type tester.When the electric current was 250 A and the relative sliding speed was 160-350 km·h-1, the running condition of carbon strip/contact wire of pantograph-catenary systems for high-speed train was simulated by changing the speed of rotary table, and the influences of relative sliding speed on the friction coefficient, the current-carrying efficiency, the stability coefficient of contact pressure, the arc discharge energy, the wear rate of carbon strip, and the temperature rise of carbon strip were studied.The correlations between the six parameters and the sliding speed were studied.The wear morphologies of carbon strip were analyzed under different conditions.Analysis result shows that the friction coefficient, the current-carrying efficiency, and the stability coefficient of contact pressure decrease with the increase of relative sliding speed, while the wear rate of carbon strip, the arc discharge energy, and the temperature rise of carbon strip increase with the increase of relative sliding speed.There are strong correlations between the sliding speed and the six parameters.The positive correlations are found between the sliding speed and the stability coefficient of contact pressure, the arc discharge energy, the wear rate of carbon strip and the temperature rise of carbon strip, and the Pearson coefficients are 0.991, 0.996, 0.952, and 0.991, respectively.Meanwhile, the negative correlations are found between the sliding speed and the current-carrying efficiency and the friction coefficient, and the Pearson coefficients are -0.990 and -0.986, respectively.The wear of carbon strip increases with the increase of relative sliding speed, and there are lots of cracks on the surface of carbon strip when the relative sliding speed is faster than 250 km·h-1, and the erosion area and the depth of crack are larger, obviously.The energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS)analysis of worn surfaces of carbon strip shows that the transfer direction of material between the carbon strip and the contact wire is bidirectional.
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Key words:
- high-speed train /
- friction and wear /
- carbon strip /
- contact wire /
- arc ablation /
- crack
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图 12 碳滑块磨损前后EDS分析结果
Figure 12. EDS analysis results of carbon strip before and after wear
图 14 速度为160 km·h-1时碳滑板表面SEM结果
Figure 14. SEM result of surface of carbon strip when speed is 160 km·h-1
图 15 速度为200 km·h-1时碳滑板表面SEM结果
Figure 15. SEM result of surface of carbon strip when speed is 200 km·h-1
图 16 速度为250 km·h-1时碳滑板表面SEM结果
Figure 16. SEM result of surface of carbon strip when speed is 250 km·h-1
图 17 速度为300 km·h-1时碳滑板表面SEM结果
Figure 17. SEM result of surface of carbon strip when speed is 300 km·h-1
图 18 速度为350 km·h-1时碳滑板表面SEM结果
Figure 18. SEM result of surface of carbon strip when speed is 350 km·h-1
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