Effect of subsystem parameters on vibration isolation characteristics of two-stage vibration isolation system
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摘要: 为了阐明子系统参数对双层隔振系统隔振特性的影响, 建立了针对带子系统的双层隔振系统的三自由度动力学模型; 推导了一、二级主系统与子系统振幅比的解析式; 分析了3种振幅比随子系统质量比、固有频率比和阻尼比的变化规律; 给出了子系统充当双层隔振系统吸振器时最优参数的解析解和数值精确解; 以中国首批内燃动车动力包为研究对象, 探讨了散热器子系统的刚度、阻尼和质量对动力包双层隔振系统隔振性能以及柴油发电机组和散热器本身振动烈度的影响规律; 得到了最优散热器隔振器刚度的动力包双层隔振系统样机, 并进行了振动试验。试验结果表明: 散热器隔振器刚度大于拐点处刚度1.5倍会严重恶化子系统的振动情况, 其阻尼损耗系数取0.24左右能有效抑制双层隔振系统力传递率和振动烈度比的峰值, 取较大的散热器质量能有效提高双层隔振系统的隔振性能, 减小机组和散热器本身的振动烈度; 经过设计后, 停机工况下二级隔振器最大动反力减小50%, 常规工况下二级隔振器的实测最大动反力为296N, 优于同类水平, 常规工况下机组与散热器实测振动烈度最大值分别为15.45、4.97mm·s-1, 水平优秀。可见, 取较大的子系统质量和阻尼, 并将其视为双层隔振系统的吸振器进行优化设计, 可使双层隔振系统在柴油机启停机工况和常规工况下都具备较优的动力学性能。Abstract: To determine the effect of subsystem parameters on the vibration isolation characteristics of a two-stage vibration isolation system (TSVIS), a three degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) dynamics model of TSVIS with a subsystem was established. The analytical expressions for the amplitude ratio of the first-and second-stage main system and the subsystem were derived. The variation rules of these three amplitude ratios with the mass, natural frequency, and damping ratio of the subsystem were analyzed. The exact analytical and numerical solutions of the optimum parameters for the subsystem as an absorber on TSVIS were presented. The first batch of diesel railcar power packs in China were selected as the research objects, and the influences ofstiffness, damping, and mass of the radiator on the vibration isolation performance of the power pack TSVIS and the vibration intensities of the diesel generator set and radiator were investigated. The prototype of the power pack TSVIS with the optimum stiffness of the radiator isolator was obtained. A vibration test was carried out. Test result shows that a radiator vibration isolator stiffness greater than 1.5 times the turning point stiffness can seriously deteriorate the radiator's vibrations. A damping loss factor of approximately 0.24 can effectively restrain the vibration intensity and force transmission ratio peak of the TSVIS. A larger mass of the radiator can effectively improve the vibration isolation performance of the TSVIS and reduce the vibration intensities of both the diesel unit and the radiator. The maximum dynamic reaction force, under the stalling condition of the second-stage vibration isolator, reduces by 50%. The maximum measured dynamic reaction force of the second-stage vibration isolator under normal condition is 296 N, which is better than the current value. The maximum measured vibration intensities of the diesel unit and radiator under normal condition are 15.45 and 4.97 mm·s-1, respectively, which represents an exceptionally satisfactory level. Therefore, by employing a larger mass and damping of the subsystem, and optimizing the TSVIS by regarding it as a vibration absorber, can improve the dynamic performances of the TSVIS under diesel engine starting, stalling and normal conditions.43 figs, 25 refs.
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图 3 不同fs取值的T2-g关系的二维效果
Figure 3. 2 Deffects of T2-g relationship with different values of fs
图 5 不同fs取值的T1-g关系的二维效果
Figure 5. 2 Deffects of T1-g relationship with different values of fs
图 7 不同fs取值的Ts-g关系的二维效果
Figure 7. 2 Deffects of Ts-g relationship with different values of fs
图 9 不同ξs取值的T2-g关系的二维效果
Figure 9. 2 Deffects of T2-g relationship with different values ofξs
图 11 不同ξs取值的T1-g关系的二维效果
Figure 11. 2 Deffects of T1-g relationship with different values of ξs
图 13 不同ξs取值的Ts-g关系的二维效果
Figure 13. 2 Deffects of Ts-g relationship with different values of ξs
图 16 不同us取值的T2-g关系的二维效果
Figure 16. 2 Deffects of T2-g relationship with different values of us
图 18 不同us取值的T1-g关系的二维效果
Figure 18. 2 Deffects of T1-g relationship with different values of us
图 20 不同us取值的Ts-g关系的二维效果
Figure 20. 2 Deffects of Ts-g relationship with different values of us
图 24 不同ks取值的T-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 24. 2 Deffects of T-f0 relationship with different values of ks
图 26 不同ks取值的V1-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 26. 2 Deffects of V1-f0 relationship with different values of ks
图 28 不同ks取值的Vs-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 28. 2 Deffects of Vs-f0 relationship with different values of ks
图 30 不同ηs取值的T-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 30. 2 Deffects of T-f0 relationship with different values of ηs
图 32 不同ηs取值的V1-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 32. 2 Deffects of V1-f0 relationship with different values of ηs
图 34 不同ηs取值的Vs-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 34. 2 Deffects of Vs-f0 relationship with different values of ηs
图 36 不同ms取值的T-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 36. 2 Deffects of T-f0 relationship with different values of ms
图 38 不同ms取值的V1-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 38. 2 Deffects of V1-f0 relationship with different values of ms
图 40 不同ms取值的Vs-f0关系的二维效果
Figure 40. 2 Deffects of Vs-f0 relationship with different values of ms
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