高速列车齿轮箱箱体动应力影响规律

王文静; 李广全; 韩俊臣; 李秋泽

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2019.01.009

高速列车齿轮箱箱体动应力影响规律

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2019.01.009

1.
北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院，北京 100044
2.
中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司，山东青岛 266111
3.
中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司，吉林长春 130062

基金项目:

国家科技支撑计划项目 2015BAG12B01-10

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 2016YFB1200505-010

详细信息

作者简介:
王文静(1976-), 女, 山东德州人, 北京交通大学教授, 工学博士, 从事轨道车辆结构强度与可靠性研究

通讯作者:
李广全(1988-), 男, 山东滨州人, 工学博士

中图分类号: U260.332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-23
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-25

Influence rule of dynamic stress of high-speed train gearbox housing

1.
School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
2.
CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111, Shandong, China
3.
CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., Changchun 130062, Jilin, China

More Information

Author Bio:
WANG Wen-jing (1976-), female, professor, PhD, E-mail: wjwang@bjtu.edu.cn

LI Guang-quan(1988-), male, PhD, aliguangquan@126.com

摘要

摘要: 通过线路测试研究了列车运行速度、线路条件与车轮镟修对齿轮箱箱体动应力的影响规律, 结合轴箱振动加速度分析了箱体动应力的变化规律。研究结果表明: 齿轮箱箱体动应力与轴箱垂向加速度的幅值谱基本一致, 主频均为570 Hz, 反映了箱体动应力水平与轮轨相互作用产生的高频激励密切相关; 列车运行速度由200 km·h^-1增大到300 km·h^-1时, 齿轮箱箱体的应力幅值呈现增大趋势, 尤其在箱体开裂的齿面检查孔位置, 其等效应力由5.56 MPa增大至16.67 MPa, 增大约2倍; 轨道磨耗造成的不平顺对列车轴箱和齿轮箱箱体的振动具有较大的影响, 列车由磨耗线路运营至打磨线路时, 轴箱高频阶段振动幅值水平明显降低, 箱体关键点的等效应力由16.26 MPa减小到10.16 MPa, 减小38%;车轮高阶多边形在列车高速运行时(300 km·h^-1) 产生的高频(550~650 Hz) 激扰造成箱体高频振动和动应力、等效应力大幅提升, 箱体关键点的等效应力在镟轮前后由17.45 MPa减小到8.56 MPa, 减小51%。可见, 轨道打磨与车轮镟修均改善了齿轮箱箱体的受力状态, 因此, 选择合理的轨道打磨和轮对镟修周期可有效延长齿轮箱箱体的疲劳寿命。
- 高速列车 /
- 齿轮箱箱体 /
- 运行速度 /
- 线路条件 /
- 车轮镟修 /
- 动应力 /
- 等效应力 /
- 加速度
Abstract: The influence rules of running speed, line condition and wheel profiling on the dynamic stress of gearbox housing were studied based on the line test, and the change rule of dynamic stress of gearbox housing was analyzed combined with the vibration acceleration of axle box. Analysis result shows that the amplitude spectrums of dynamic stress of gearbox housing and the vertical acceleration of axle box are the same, and the main frequency is 570 Hz, which reflects that the dynamic stress level of the housing is closely related to the high frequency excitation caused by wheel-rail interaction. When the train running speed increases from 200 km·h^-1 to 300 km·h^-1, the stress amplitude of gearbox housing shows an increasing trend, especially in the tooth surface inspection hole of cracking housing. The equivalent stress increases from 5.56 MPa to 16.67 MPa, which is about 2 times larger. The irregularity caused by the rail wear has a great influence on the vibration of axle box and gearbox housing. When the train is running from worn line to grinding line, the vibration amplitude level of axle box in high frequency stage obviously reduces, and the equivalent stress of key point of the housing reduces from 16.26 MPa to 10.16 MPa, which decreases by 38%. The high frequency (550-650 Hz) excitation caused by the high-order polygon of the wheel at high speed (300 km·h^-1) causes the high frequency vibration, the dynamic stress and equivalent stress of the housing increase substantially, and the equivalent stress of key point of the housing decreases from 17.45 MPa to 8.56 MPa before and after wheel profiling, which decreases by 51%. So rail grinding and wheel profiling can improve the stress state of gearbox housing. Therefore, reasonable rail grinding and wheel profiling cycle can effectively prolong the fatigue life of gearbox housing.
- high-speed train /
- gearbox housing /
- running speed /
- line condition /
- wheel profiling /
- dynamic stress /
- equivalent stress /
- acceleration

HTML全文

图 1 齿轮箱箱体破坏

Figure 1. Damage of gearbox housing

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图 2 齿轮箱箱体疲劳裂纹

Figure 2. Fatigue crack of gearbox housing

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图 3 测点布置

Figure 3. Layout of survey points

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图 4 在200 km·h^-1速度下轴箱横向加速度

Figure 4. Transverse accelerations of axle box at speed of 200 km·h^-1

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图 5 在200 km·h^-1速度下轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 5. Vertical accelerations of axle box at speed of 200 km·h^-1

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图 6 在300 km·h^-1速度下轴箱横向加速度

Figure 6. Transverse accelerations of axle box at speed of 300 km·h^-1

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图 7 在300 km·h^-1速度下轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 7. Vertical accelerations of axle box at speed of 300 km·h^-1

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图 8 在200 km·h^-1速度下齿轮箱箱体动应力

Figure 8. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing at speed of 200 km·h^-1

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图 9 在300 km·h^-1速度下齿轮箱箱体动应力

Figure 9. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing at speed of 300 km·h^-1

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图 10 运行速度对齿轮箱箱体应力谱的影响

Figure 10. Effect of running speed on stress spectrum of gearbox housing

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图 11 运行速度对齿轮箱箱体等效应力的影响

Figure 11. Effect of running speed on equivalent stress of gearbox housing

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图 12 磨耗段轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 12. Vertical accelerations of axle box on worn line

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图 13 打磨段轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 13. Vertical accelerations of axle box on grinding line

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图 14 磨耗段齿轮箱箱体动应力

Figure 14. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing on worn line

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图 15 打磨段齿轮箱箱体动应力

Figure 15. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing on grinding line

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图 16 线路条件对齿轮箱箱体应力谱的影响

Figure 16. Effect of line condition on stress spectrum of gearbox housing

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图 17 线路条件对齿轮箱箱体等效应力的影响

Figure 17. Effect of line condition on equivalent stress of gearbox housing

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图 18 镟轮前轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 18. Vertical accelerations of axle box before wheel profiling

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图 19 镟轮后轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 19. Vertical accelerations of axle box after wheel profiling

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图 20 镟轮前齿轮箱箱体动应力

Figure 20. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing before wheel profiling

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图 21 镟轮后箱体动应力

Figure 21. Dynamic stresses of gearbox housing after wheel profiling

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图 22 镟轮对齿轮箱箱体应力谱的影响

Figure 22. Effect of wheel profiling on stress spectrum of gearbox housing

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图 23 镟轮对齿轮箱箱体等效应力的影响

Figure 23. Effect of wheel profiling on equivalent stress of gearbox housing

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图 24 箱体模态分析结果

Figure 24. Modal analysis result of housing

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