-
摘要: 为研究城市轨道交通高架线路敷设阻尼钢轨前后列车通过时段噪声变化规律，以敷设了阻尼钢轨的广州某高架线路为研究对象，通过对高架线路敷设阻尼钢轨前后轨道旁、距行车轨道中心线7.5和30 m处测点进行现场噪声试验，分别从时域统计、频谱和插入损失等方面分析了高架线路改造全过程，包括换轨前、换轨后、刚敷设阻尼钢轨及敷设阻尼钢轨运营半年后列车通过时段噪声变化规律。分析结果表明：换轨和敷设阻尼钢轨作为源头上的降噪措施具有一定的降噪效果，噪声源强处2种措施分别降噪1.1、2.9 dB(A)，敷设阻尼钢轨能降低钢轨Pinned-Pinned振动辐射产生的噪声；换轨前高架线路列车通过噪声能量主要集中在100~3 000 Hz，分别在100~125 Hz和2 000 Hz附近出现第1、2个峰值，换轨后、刚敷设阻尼钢轨及敷设阻尼钢轨运营半年后的列车通过噪声能量主要集中在500~2 000 Hz，峰值频率出现在800 Hz附近；高架线路整个施工改造过程中60 Hz以下低频噪声变化较小，60 Hz附近的频率为轮轨系统的固有频率，高架线路改造并未使轮轨系统固有特性发生较大改变；敷设阻尼钢轨运营半年后相比刚敷设阻尼钢轨时，在距轨道中心线7.5和30 m处，1 000 Hz以上高频噪声变化较小，桥梁局部结构振动产生的辐射噪声(100~300 Hz)出现了一定的增大。Abstract: In order to study the variation of train pass-by noise before and after installing damping rail on urban rail transit elevated line, a Guangzhou viaduct with damping rail was taken as the research object. Based on the field noise test at the measuring points near the track before and after the damping rail laying on the elevated line, 7.5 and 30 m away from the center line of the running track, the variation of train pass-by noise was analyzed from the time domain statistics, frequency spectrum and insertion loss in the whole process of elevated line reconstruction, including before rail replacement, after rail replacement, just installing damping rail and after half a year's operation. Research results show that rail replacement and installing damping rail as noise reduction measures at the noise source can achieve noise reduction effect to a certain extent, the noises reduce 1.1 and 2.9 dB(A), respectively. Installing damping rail can effectively reduce the noise caused by rail pinned-pinned vibration radiation. Before rail replacement, the pass-by noise energy around the elevated line is mainly concentrated in the range of 100-3 000 Hz, with the first and second peaks around 100-125 Hz and 2 000 Hz, respectively. After rail replacement, just installing damping rail and after half a year's operation, the pass-by noise energies are mainly concentrated in the range of 500-2 000 Hz, with the peak frequency around 800 Hz. The low frequency noise under 60 Hz changes little during the whole construction of the elevated line. The frequency near 60 Hz is the natural frequency of wheel-rail system, and in the whole process of installing damping rail, the natural characteristics of wheel rail system change little. Half a year later after installing damping rail, compared with that just installing damping rail, at 7.5 and 30 m away from the track center line, the change of high-frequency noise above 1 000 Hz is smaller, and the radiation noise (100-300 Hz) produced by the local structural vibration of the bridge increases to a certain extent. 1 tab, 11 figs, 30 refs.
-
Key words:
- railway engineering /
- urban rail transit /
- damping rail /
- bridge-borne noise /
- wheel-rail noise /
- noise test
-
图 4 DIC24数据采集仪与GRAS声传感器
Figure 4. DIC24 data acquisition instrument and GRAS acoustic sensor
图 8 不同工况下各测点噪声频谱
Figure 8. Frequency spectrums of each measuring point noise under different working conditions
图 9 不同工况下测点1噪声频谱
Figure 9. Frequency spectrums of measuring point 1 noise under different working conditions
图 10 不同工况下测点2噪声频谱与插入损失
Figure 10. Frequency spectrums and insertion losses of measuring point 2 noise under different working conditions
图 11 不同工况下测点3噪声频谱
Figure 11. Frequency spectrums of measuring point 3 noise under different working conditions
表 1 列车通过时段等效A计权声压级
Table 1. Equivalent A-weighted sound pressure levels during train pass-by period
dB(A) 试验工况 轨旁 7.5 m 30 m 换轨前 71.7 69.6 换轨后 70.6 68.8 刚敷设阻尼钢轨 82.4 67.7 65.5 敷设阻尼钢轨运营半年后 88.7 68.5 66.9 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 中国城市轨道交通协会. 城市轨道交通2020年度统计和分析报告[R]. 北京: 中国城市轨道交通协会, 2021.China Association of Metros. Statistics and analysis report of urban rail transit in 2020[R]. Beijing: China Association of Metros, 2021. (in Chinese) [2] THOMPSON D J, GAUTIER P E. Review of research into wheel/rail rolling noise reduction[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2006, 220(4): 385-408. doi: 10.1243/0954409JRRT79 [3] CERVELLO S, DONZELLA G, POLA A, et al. Analysis and design of a low-noise railway wheel[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2001, 215(3): 179-192. doi: 10.1243/0954409011531503 [4] ZHONG Ting-sheng, CHEN Gong, SHENG Xiao-zhen, et al. Vibration and sound radiation of a rotating train wheel subject to a vertical harmonic wheel-rail force[J]. Journal of Modern Transportation, 2018, 26: 81-95. doi: 10.1007/s40534-017-0154-6 [5] 雷晓燕, 张鹏飞. 阻尼车轮减振降噪的试验研究[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2008, 29(6): 60-64. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-4632.2008.06.012LEI Xiao-yan, ZHANG Peng-fei. Experimental study on reducing the noise and vibration of damped wheels[J]. China Railway Science, 2008, 29(6): 60-64. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-4632.2008.06.012 [6] 薛弼一, 王谛, 肖新标, 等. 辐板屏蔽式阻尼车轮振动声辐射特性试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2013, 49(10): 1-7. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201310002.htmXUE Bi-yi, WANG Di, XIAO Xin-biao, et al. Experimental study on vibration and sound radiation characteristics of new type of damped wheel with web-mounted noise shielded[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 49(10): 1-7. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201310002.htm [7] 房建英, 肖新标, 金学松, 等. 行车速度对高速列车车轮振动声辐射特性的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2010, 46(22): 96-104. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201022020.htmFANG Jian-ying, XIAO Xin-biao, JIN Xue-song, et al. Effect of train speed on acoustic radiation characteristics of high-speed train wheel vibration[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(22): 96-104. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201022020.htm [8] 韩健, 肖新标, 金学松, 等. 城市轨道交通车轮振动声辐射特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2012, 48(10): 115-121. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201210019.htmHAN Jian, XIAO Xin-biao, JIN Xue-song, et al. Sound radiation characteristics of wheel used in urban rail traffic[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2012, 48(10): 115-121. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201210019.htm [9] 何宾, 肖新标, 金学松, 等. 铁路车轮周向脊肋阻尼结构振动声辐射控制的初步探讨[J]. 铁道学报, 2010, 32(6): 22-28. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2010.06.004HE Bin, XIAO Xin-biao, JIN Xue-song, et al. Primary investigation into vibration and acoustic radiation control of railway wheel with circumference damping ridger structure[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2010, 32(6): 22-28. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2010.06.004 [10] 刘玉霞, 韩健, 周信, 等. 弹性车轮减振降噪特性分析[J]. 铁道学报, 2015, 37(6): 48-53. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2015.06.007LIU Yu-xia, HAN Jian, ZHOU Xin, et al. Analysis of vibration and noise reduction characteristics of resilient wheel[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2015, 37(6): 48-53. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2015.06.007 [11] VOGIATZIS K, VANHONACKER P. Noise reduction in urban LRT networks by combining track based solutions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 568: 1344-1354. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.060 [12] 蒋伟康, 万泉, 严莉, 等. 轨道交通的约束阻尼钢轨吸振器技术研究与应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2009, 28(10): 78-80. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3835.2009.10.015JIANG Wei-kang, WAN Quan, YAN Li, et al. Constrained damping dynamic absorber stuck on a rail of urban transits[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2009, 28(10): 78-80. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3835.2009.10.015 [13] 杨建近, 杨新文. 钢轨吸振器对高架结构垂向振动的影响[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2014, 34(4): 214-218. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2014.04.047YANG Jian-jin, YANG Xin-wen. Effect of rail vibration absorbers on vertical vibration of elevated structures[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2014, 34(4): 214-218. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2014.04.047 [14] 金浩, 周新, 杨龙才. 剪切型减振器下钢轨振动衰减率及阻尼器调谐分析[J]. 同济大学学报, 2019, 47(2): 193-200, 260. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJDZ201902005.htmJIN Hao, ZHOU Xin, YANG Long-cai. Analysis of decay rate of rail using egg fastening system and tuning mechanism of tuning rail damper[J]. Journal of Tongji University, 2019, 47(2): 193-200, 260. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJDZ201902005.htm [15] 刘卫丰, 张厚贵, 孟磊, 等. 北京地铁采用调频式钢轨减振器抑制钢轨振动的试验研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2016, 29(1): 105-111. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZDGC201601014.htmLIU Wei-feng, ZHANG Hou-gui, MENG Lei, et al. A test of suppressing rail vibration by tuned rail damper for Beijing metro[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2016, 29(1): 105-111. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZDGC201601014.htm [16] 杨新文, 翟婉明, 刘荣珍. 铁路无砟轨道吸声板降噪效果分析[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2010, 31(6): 40-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTK201006008.htmYANG Xin-wen, ZHAI Wan-ming, LIU Rong-zhen. Analysis on the noise reduction effect of the sound absorption panels for railway ballastless track[J]. China Railway Science, 2010, 31(6): 40-44. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTK201006008.htm [17] THOMPSON D J, JONES C J C, WATERS T P, et al. A tuned damping device for reducing noise from railway track[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2007, 68(1): 43-57. doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2006.05.001 [18] SQUICCIARINI G, TOWARD M G R, THOMPSON D J. Experimental procedures for testing the performance of rail dampers[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2015, 359: 21-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2015.07.007 [19] WU Tian-xing, LIU Hai-ping. Reducing the rail component of rolling noise by vibration absorber: theoretical prediction[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2009, 223(5): 473-483. doi: 10.1243/09544097JRRT263 [20] LIU Hai-ping, WU Tian-xing. The influences on railway rolling noise of a rail vibration absorber and wave reflections due to multiple wheels[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2010, 224(3): 227-235. doi: 10.1243/09544097JRRT323 [21] 赵才友, 王平. 新型交叉式静音钢轨的理论与试验研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2013, 48(2): 290-296. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2013.02.016ZHAO Cai-you, WANG Ping. Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation on cross-legged silent rail[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2013, 48(2): 290-296. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2013.02.016 [22] 赵才友, 王平. 带槽扩展层静音钢轨理论与试验研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2013, 35(1): 80-86. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2013.01.013ZHAO Cai-you, WANG Ping. Theoretical analysis and experimental study on silent rail with slotted stand-off layer[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2013, 35(1): 80-86. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2013.01.013 [23] 赵悦, 肖新标, 韩健, 等. 高速有砟轨道钢轨动力吸振器垂向吸振特性及其参数影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2013, 49(16): 17-25. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201316004.htmZHAO Yue, XIAO Xin-biao, HAN Jian, et al. Vertical characteristic and its parameter effect of rail vibration absorber used in high-speed ballasted track[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 49(16): 17-25. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201316004.htm [24] SHENG Xiao-zhen. Generalization of the Fourier transform-based method for calculating the response of a periodic railway track subject to a moving harmonic load[J]. Journal of Modern Transportation, 2015, 23(1): 12-29. doi: 10.1007/s40534-015-0066-2 [25] 崔日新, 高亮, 蔡小培. 高速铁路阻尼钢轨减振降噪特性研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2015, 37(2): 78-84. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2015.02.012CUI Ri-xin, GAO Liang, CAI Xiao-pei. Study on vibration and noise reduction properties of damping rail for high-speed railway[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2015, 37(2): 78-84. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2015.02.012 [26] 李再帏, 雷晓燕, 张鹏飞. 减振型阻尼钢轨有限元分析[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2009, 29(4): 64-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2009.04.018LI Zai-wei, LEI Xiao-yan, ZHANG Peng-fei. FEM analysis of damped rails for vibration reduction[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2009, 29(4): 64-66. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2009.04.018 [27] MAES J, SOL H. A double tuned rail damper-increased damping at the two first pinned-pinned frequencies[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2003, 267: 721-737. doi: 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00736-3 [28] WU T X. On the rail track dynamics with rail vibration absorber for noise reduction[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2008, 309(3-5): 739-755. doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2007.07.049 [29] ZHANG Xun, LI Xiao-zhen, HAO Hong, et al. A case study of interior low-frequency noise from box-shaped bridge girders induced by running trains: its mechanism, prediction and countermeasures[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2016, 367: 129-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2016.01.004 [30] 徐志胜. 轨道交通轮轨噪声预测与控制的研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2004.XU Zhi-sheng. Prediction and control of wheel/rail noise for rail transit[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2004. (in Chinese) -
点击查看大图
图(11) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 532
- HTML全文浏览量: 127
- PDF下载量: 35
- 被引次数: 0
