时速600公里磁浮列车隧道初始压缩波洞内传播特征和洞口微气压波特征

梅元贵; 李绵辉; 胡啸; 杜俊涛

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.04.011

时速600公里磁浮列车隧道初始压缩波洞内传播特征和洞口微气压波特征

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.04.011

1.
兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室，甘肃兰州 730070
2.
中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司，山东青岛 266111

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2016YFB1200602-39

详细信息

作者简介:
梅元贵(1964-)，男，河南荥阳人，兰州交通大学教授，工学博士，从事轨道交通空气动力学和应用研究

中图分类号: U292.917
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-28
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-16
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-01

Propagation characteristics of initial compression wave in cave and portal micro-pressure waves characteristics when 600 km·h^-1 maglev train entering tunnels

1.
Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
2.
CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111, Shandong, China

Funds:

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFB1200602-39

More Information

Author Bio:
MEI Yuan-gui(1964-), male, professor, PhD, Meiyuangui@163.com

摘要

摘要: 基于三维数值模拟方法，采用一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型和改进广义黎曼变量特征线方法，在隧道入口端未设置以及设置开口型缓冲结构条件下，分别研究了初始压缩波在隧道洞内的传播及洞口(默认为出口)的微气压波特性。研究结果表明：隧道入口设置开口型缓冲结构与无缓冲结构相比，其产生的初始压缩波的最大压力梯度下降了67.56%；初始压缩波在隧道内的传播过程中存在先激化后衰减的过程，其中未设置缓冲结构和设置开口型缓冲结构的临界长度分别为2和6 km，而满足微气压波控制标准的临界隧道长度分别为33和34 km；虽然开口型缓冲结构可较大幅度降低初始压缩波的最大压力梯度，但是对于长大隧道而言，由于传播过程中压缩波不断激化，开口型缓冲结构实际上对减缓微气压波的作用存在较大幅度的弱化，建议还应采取如竖井等工程措施以减缓激化；缓冲结构对不同隧道长度的洞口内压缩波的最大压力梯度的影响不同，所以需要结合不同类型缓冲结构和长度等因素来确定对应的最佳隧道长度匹配关系。
- 隧道工程 /
- 初始压缩波传播 /
- 微气压波 /
- 特征线 /
- 高速磁浮列车 /
- 双线隧道 /
- 开口型缓冲结构
Abstract: Based on a three-dimensional numerical simulation method, a one-dimensional compressible unsteady non-isentropic flow model and an improved generalized Riemann variable characteristic line method were developed. The initial compression wave propagation in the tunnel and the micro-pressure wave characteristics at the portal (default exit) of the tunnel when the tunnel entrance without and with an opening buffer structure were investigated. Analysis results show that compared to the nonbuffer structure at the tunnel entrance, the maximum pressure gradient of the initial compression wave generated by setting the opening buffer structure decreases by 67.56%. During the propagation of the initial compression waves in the tunnel, intensification first occurs, followed by attenuation. The critical lengths of the nonbuffer and opening buffer structures are 2 and 6 km, respectively, whereas the critical lengths of the tunnel satisfying the control standard of the micro-pressure waves are 33 and 34 km, respectively. Although the opening buffer structure can significantly reduce the maximum pressure gradient of the initial compression waves for a long tunnel, owing to the continuous intensification of the compression wave during propagation, the effect of the opening buffer structure on the mitigation of the micro-pressure waves is significantly weakened. Engineering measures (such as shafts) should be adopted to mitigate intensification. In addition, the effects of the buffer structure on the maximum pressure gradient of compression waves are different in the portals of different tunnel lengths. Therefore, the different types of buffer structure and length factors should be combined to determine the corresponding optimal tunnel length matching relationship. 1 tab, 24 figs, 33 refs.
- tunnel engineering /
- initial compression wave propagation /
- micro-pressure wave /
- characteristic line /
- high-speed maglev train /
- double-track tunnel /
- opening buffer structure

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图 1 高速磁浮列车气动几何模型

Figure 1. Aerodynamic geometry model of high-speed maglev train

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图 2 双线隧道截面结构

Figure 2. Cross section structure of double-track tunnel

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图 3 开口型缓冲结构模型

Figure 3. Opening buffer structure model

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图 4 隧道内3 209 m压缩波验证

Figure 4. Verification of 3 209 m compression wave in tunnel

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图 5 列车进入隧道过程压力分布特征

Figure 5. Pressure distribution characteristics when train entering tunnel

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图 6 初始压缩波的产生机理

Figure 6. Generation mechanism of initial compression wave

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图 7 隧道入口未设置和设置开口型缓冲结构时初始压缩波及压力梯度波形

Figure 7. Waveforms of initial compression wave and pressure gradient when tunnel entrance without and with opening buffer structure

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图 8 隧道入口内不同时刻压力分布

Figure 8. Pressure distributions at different times in tunnel entrance

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图 9 无缓冲结构隧道长度为2 km内压缩波波形

Figure 9. Waveforms of compression wave within 2 km of non-buffer tunnel length

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图 10 无缓冲结构隧道长度为2 km内压缩波压力梯度波形

Figure 10. Pressure gradient waveforms of compression wave within 2 km of non-buffer tunnel length

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图 11 无缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的2~15 km范围压缩波波形

Figure 11. Compression wave waveforms in range of 2-15 km of non-buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 12 无缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的2~15 km范围压缩波压力梯度波形

Figure 12. Pressure gradient waveforms of compression wave in range of 2-15 km of non-buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 13 有缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的6 km范围压缩波波形

Figure 13. Compression wave waveforms in 6 km range of opening buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 14 有缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的6 km范围压缩波压力梯度波形

Figure 14. Pressure gradient waveforms of compression wave in 6 km range of opening buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 15 有缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的6~15 km范围压缩波波形

Figure 15. Compression wave waveforms in range of 6-15 km of opening buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 16 有缓冲结构隧道长度为15 km的6~15 km范围压缩波压力梯度波形

Figure 16. Pressure gradient waveforms of compression wave in range of 6-15 km of opening buffer tunnel with a length of 15 km

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图 17 隧道内出口端最大压力梯度与隧道长度关系

Figure 17. Relationship between maximum pressure gradient of tunnel end and tunnel length

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图 18 不同隧道长度缓冲结构对最大压力梯度的缓解

Figure 18. Mitigation of maximum pressure gradient by different tunnel length buffer structures

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图 19 隧道入口无缓冲不同位置微气压波最值对比

Figure 19. Comparison of maximum micro-pressure waves at different positions of tunnel entrance with non-buffer structure

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图 20 隧道入口有缓冲不同位置微气压波最值对比

Figure 20. Comparison of maximum micro-pressure waves at different positions of tunnel entrance with opening buffer structure

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图 21 隧道入口无缓冲立体角与微气压波最值关系

Figure 21. Relationship of maximum micro-pressure waves and solid angles at tunnel entrance with non-buffer structure

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图 22 隧道入口有缓冲立体角与微气压波最值关系

Figure 22. Relationship of maximum micro-pressure waves and solid angles at tunnel entrance with opening buffer structure

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图 23 无缓冲结构时隧道长度对微气压波的影响

Figure 23. Influence of tunnel length on micro-pressure wave of tunnel with non-buffer structure

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图 24 有缓冲结构时隧道长度对微气压波的影响

Figure 24. Influence of tunnel length on micro-pressure wave of tunnel with opening buffer structure

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表 1 隧道及列车计算参数

Table 1. Tunnel and train calculation parameters

隧道参数	净空面积/m²	140
	壁面沿程摩擦因数	0.005
	净空面周长/m	60
	长度/km	0.1~40
列车参数	横截面积/m²	10
	速度/(km·h^-1)	600
	鼻长(L_no)/m	16
	长度/m	130.7

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