复合材料粘接结构强度与环境耐久性综述

那景新; 王广彬; 庄蔚敏; 慕文龙; 徐千卉

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.06.006

复合材料粘接结构强度与环境耐久性综述

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.06.006

1.
吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室，吉林长春 130022
2.
河南农业大学机电工程学院河南郑州 450002
3.
吉林大学机械与航空航天工程学院，吉林长春 130022

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51775230

国家自然科学基金项目 51775227

国家自然科学基金项目 51375201

吉林大学博士研究生交叉学科科研资助计划 101832020DJX038

吉林大学研究生创新研究计划 101832020CX115

详细信息

作者简介:
那景新(1957-)，男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，吉林大学教授，从事车身结构轻量化设计

通讯作者:
庄蔚敏(1970-)，女，上海人，吉林大学教授，工学博士

中图分类号: U270.12
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-01

Review on strength and environmental durability of composite adhesive structures

1.
State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
2.
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
3.
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51775230

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51775227

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51375201

Interdisciplinary Research Fund for Doctoral Students of Jilin University 101832020DJX038

Graduate Innovation Research Program of Jilin University 101832020CX115

More Information

Author Bio:
NA Jing-xin(1957-), male, professor, najx@jlu.edu.cn

Corresponding author: ZHUANG Wei-min(1970-), female, professor, PhD, zhuangwm@jlu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 为深化对复合材料粘接结构环境耐久性的研究，从胶粘剂基础研究和面向工程的粘接结构应用研究两方面综述了国内外研究现状，探讨了粘接结构老化、疲劳及其耦合作用对强度的影响，总结了单因素和多因素耦合作用下的老化机理，根据基础研究归纳了粘接结构强度预测方法和疲劳寿命预测方法，并对未来研究重点及方向进行展望。分析结果表明：温度和湿度对粘接结构力学性能影响最为显著，多因素耦合作用下的老化更具破坏性，随温度产生的固化收缩、热膨胀系数的差异以及随湿度产生的水解和增塑作用均会使粘接剂老化，且载荷能够加速吸湿对粘接界面造成损伤，从而引发结构过早失效；老化与疲劳之间存在双向耦合作用，随时间变化的交变载荷不仅会影响粘接结构的疲劳寿命，同时还会加速粘接结构老化，而粘接结构在长期服役过程中的老化又会降低结构的疲劳性能；目前尚缺乏对湿热环境与交变载荷耦合作用下老化机理的深入研究，工程应用中的内聚力模型对延展性胶粘剂和厚胶层的预测效果欠佳，应进一步提高内聚力模型在复杂应力状态下的使用精度；损伤力学模型应考虑车辆实际服役工况并加入湿热耦合因素影响以提高使用精度；粘接结构疲劳寿命预测大多基于半经验模型，且对接头疲劳行为的预测局限于特定环境条件；随着粘接技术的进一步发展，对复杂应力状态下粘接结构服役性能的有效评估与建立准静态、疲劳和环境退化综合影响的渐进损伤模型将是未来研究的重点。
- 车辆工程 /
- 粘接结构 /
- 复合材料 /
- 老化 /
- 耦合作用 /
- 强度设计
Abstract: In order to deepen the research on the environmental durability of composite adhesive structure, the research status at home and abroad was reviewed from the basic research of adhesives and the engineering oriented the application research of adhesive structure, and the influence of aging, fatigue and their coupling action on the strength of adhesive structure was discussed. The aging mechanism of single factor and multi-factor coupling was summarized. The prediction methods of the strength and fatigue life of adhesive structure were summarized based on the basic research, and the future research emphases and directions were prospected. Analysis results show that the effect of temperature and humidity on the mechanical properties of adhesive structure is most significant. Aging under the coupling of multiple factors is more destructive, curing shrinkage and difference in thermal expansion coefficient with temperature, and hydrolysis and plasticizing with humidity all lead to adhesive aging, and the load can accelerate the absorption of moisture and cause damage to the bonding interface, leading to the premature failure of the structure. There is a bidirectional coupling between aging and fatigue. The alternating load with time will not only affect the fatigue life of the bonded structure, but also accelerate the aging of the bonded structure, and the aging of the bonded structure in the long-term service process will reduce the fatigue performance of the structure. At present, there is still a lack of in-depth research on the aging mechanism under the coupled action of humid and thermal environment and alternating load. The cohesion model in engineering application has poor prediction effect on ductile adhesive and thick adhesive layer. Therefore, the accuracy of cohesion model should be further improved under complex stress state. The damage mechanics model should take into account the actual service condition of vehicle and add the influence of hygrothermal coupling factors to improve the service accuracy. The fatigue life prediction of the bonded structure is mostly based on semi-empirical models, and the prediction of joint fatigue behavior is limited to specific environmental condition. With the further development of adhesive technology, the effective evaluation of the service performance of the adhesive structure under complex stress states and the establishment of progressive damage model under the comprehensive effects of quasi-static, fatigue and environmental degradation will be the focus of future research. 1 tab, 8 figs, 117 refs.
- vehicle engineering /
- adhesive structure /
- composite /
- aging /
- coupling effect /
- strength design

HTML全文

图 1 粘接结构环境耐久性影响因素

Figure 1. Influencing factors of environmental durability of adhesive structure

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图 2 高温对不同粘接接头力学性能的影响

Figure 2. Effects of high temperature on mechanical properties of different adhesive joints

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图 3 复合材料树脂吸湿过程

Figure 3. Composite resin's moisture absorption process

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图 4 吸湿试验与Fick解析模型预测结果对比

Figure 4. Comparison of prediction results between moisture absorption test and Fick analytic model

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图 5 双搭接接头暴露不同时间后的力学性能变化

Figure 5. Changes in mechanical properties of double lap joints after exposure for different times

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图 6 环氧/CFRP粘接接头L-N数据点

Figure 6. L-N data points of epoxy /CFRP adhesive joints

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图 7 铝粘接接头的老化疲劳行为

Figure 7. Aging fatigue behaviors of aluminum adhesive joints

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图 8 不同疲劳循环次数下单搭接接头疲劳裂纹萌生显微监测

Figure 8. Microscopic monitoring of fatigue crack initiation in single lap joints under different fatigue cycles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 耦合作用下粘接结构老化典型研究

Table 1. Typical studies of aging of adhesive structures under coupling action

研究对象	研究方法	主要研究内容	文献来源
钢/CFRP双搭接接头	试验研究与理论解析	研究粘接结构在高温浸泡条件下的力学性能，理论推导出海水环境下接头强度和刚度退化模型	[79]
钢/CFRP双搭接接头	试验研究与化学分析	研究粘接结构在湿热及紫外线照射下性能退化机理	[80]
单搭接接头和双层复合接头	试验研究与数值仿真	研究疲劳寿命随湿热条件含水率的变化，考虑热应变和膨胀应变引起的残余应力对接头疲劳响应进行数值建模	[65]
金属层合板	试验研究	进一步研究湿热老化条件下，拉伸载荷作用对粘接结构静态强度和疲劳响应的影响	[81]
铝合金/CFRP对接接头	试验研究、数值仿真与化学分析	研究交变载荷对湿热老化粘接接头剩余强度的影响，定义环境退化因子，预测交变载荷作用下粘接结构剩余强度	[82]
铝合金/CFRP单搭接接头	试验研究与化学分析	定量研究失效载荷与官能团吸光度之间的关系，实现粘接结构在湿热老化后剩余强度的快速预测	[83]
单搭接接头	试验研究与数值仿真	利用完全耦合的方法模拟接头退化过程，同时考虑含水率对应力分布的影响和应力状态对含水率扩散分析的影响	[84]
胶粘剂哑铃试件	试验研究	研究湿热条件下水分扩散对胶粘剂局部力学性能的影响，建立水分退化模型	[85]

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