复合材料带孔板孔形与铺层优化设计

秦国锋; 秦锐坚; 糜沛纹; 李铭

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.04.017

复合材料带孔板孔形与铺层优化设计

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.04.017

秦国锋^1,,
秦锐坚¹,
糜沛纹^{1, 2, ,},
李铭¹

1.
广西师范大学职业技术师范学院，广西桂林 541001
2.
武汉理工大学汽车工程学院，湖北武汉 430000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 52102473

广西科技计划项目 GuikeAD20159010

详细信息

作者简介:
秦国锋(1990-)，男，四川广安人，广西师范大学副教授，工学博士，从事汽车结构设计理论与轻量化技术研究

通讯作者:
糜沛纹(1991-)，女，广西桂林人，广西师范大学讲师

中图分类号: U465.6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-08
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Optimal designs of hole shape and ply of composite plates with holes

QIN Guo-feng^1
,,
QIN Rui-jian¹,
MI Pei-wen^{1, 2
, ,},
LI Ming¹

1.
Teachers College for Vocational and Technical Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi, China
2.
College of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52102473

Guangxi Science and Technology Project GuikeAD20159010

More Information

Author Bio:
QIN Guo-feng(1990-), male, associate professor, PhD, qinguofeng@gxnu.edu.cn

MI Pei-wen(1991-), female, assistant professor, mipeiwen@gxnu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 为提高复合材料带孔板的承载能力，对其孔形和铺层进行优化; 基于损伤力学模型建立了复合材料带孔板的仿真分析模型，并验证了其仿真精度; 选用圆孔、三角孔、方孔3种孔形的复合材料板，分别进行了仅孔形优化、仅铺层优化、先孔形优化后铺层优化、先铺层优化后孔形优化4种优化方案，对不同方案优化后的复合材料带孔板进行失效分析。分析结果表明：仅铺层优化对不同孔形复合材料板的失效载荷提升效果(7.6%~13.4%)明显大于仅孔形优化(2.0%~2.9%)，仅孔形优化对三角孔带孔板失效载荷提升幅度最大，仅铺层优化对圆孔带孔板失效载荷提升幅度最大; 同时采用孔形优化和铺层优化对失效载荷的提升效果明显优于单一优化方法，其中先孔形优化后铺层优化方法对不同孔形复合材料板的失效载荷提升幅度最大(11.6%~15.6%); 铺层优化和孔形优化的先后顺序对圆孔带孔板影响最大(相差3.5%)，对三角孔和方孔带孔板影响相对较小; 3种孔形的带孔板中，圆孔带孔板优化后失效载荷提升幅度最大(15.6%)，在实际应用中圆孔带孔板的性能相对较好，且稳定。
- 汽车工程 /
- 复合材料板 /
- 孔形优化 /
- 铺层优化 /
- 优化顺序 /
- 仿真分析 /
- 失效载荷
Abstract: For a larger bearing capacity of composite plates with holes, the hole shape and ply were optimized. On the basis of the damage mechanics model, the simulation analysis model of composite plates with holes was built, and its simulation accuracy was verified. Three kinds of composite plates with circular, triangle, and square holes were selected, and four optimization schemes were applied, i.e., hole shape optimization only, ply optimization only, hole shape optimization first and then ply optimization, and ply optimization first and then hole shape optimization. The failure analysis of composite plates with holes after optimization by different schemes was carried out. Analysis results show that the improvement in the failure load of composite plates with different holes by ply optimization only (7.6%-13.4%) is significantly greater than that by hole shape optimization only (2.0%-2.9%). The failure load of composite plates with triangle holes is improved the most by hole shape optimization only, while the failure load of composite plates with circular holes is improved the most by ply optimization only. When both hole shape optimization and ply optimization are adopted, the improvement effect is significantly better than that of a single optimization scheme, and the improvement in the failure load of composite plates with different holes by hole shape optimization first and then ply optimization is the greatest (11.6%-15.6%). The sequence of hole shape optimization and ply optimization has the greatest influence on composite plates with circular holes (a difference of 3.5%), but has relatively little influence on composite plates with triangle and square holes. Of the composite plates with three kinds of hole shapes, the failure load of composite plates with circular holes promotes the most (15.6%) after the optimization, and the performance of composite plates with circular holes is relatively good and stable in practical applications.
- automotive engineering /
- composite plate /
- hole shape optimization /
- ply optimization /
- optimization sequence /
- simulation analysis /
- failure load

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图 1 复合材料带孔板

Figure 1. Composite plate with hole

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图 2 复合材料带孔板有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element model of composite plate with hole

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图 3 载荷-位移曲线

Figure 3. Load-displacement curves

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图 4 不同孔形的复合材料带孔板尺寸

Figure 4. Dimensions of composite plates with different hole shapes

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图 5 复合材料圆孔板的优化模型

Figure 5. Optimization model of composite plate with circular hole

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图 6 优化模型的超级铺层

Figure 6. Super layer of optimization model

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图 7 自由形状优化控制区域

Figure 7. Control area of free shape optimization

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图 8 三种孔形自由形状优化结果

Figure 8. Results of free shape optimization for three types of holes

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图 9 自由尺寸优化后的铺层厚度变化

Figure 9. Variation of layer thickness after free size optimization

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图 10 尺寸优化结果

Figure 10. Results of size optimization

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图 11 当未优化圆孔带孔板出现纤维拉伸失效时不同优化方法的纤维拉伸失效状态

Figure 11. Fiber tensile failure states of different optimization methods when fiber tensile failure occurs in unoptimized composite plates with circular hole

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图 12 当仅铺层优化圆孔带孔板出现纤维拉伸失效时不同优化方法的纤维拉伸失效状态

Figure 12. Fiber tensile failure states of different optimization methods when fiber tensile failure occurs in composite plates with circular hole by ply optimization only

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表 1 AS4/PEEK CFRP材料力学性能

Table 1. Mechanical properties of AS4/PEEK CFRP materials

纵向模量E₁₁/GPa	127.6
横向模量E₂₂/GPa	10.3
泊松比μ₁₂	0.32
面内剪切模量G₁₂/MPa	6 000
纵向拉伸强度X_T/MPa	2 023
纵向压缩强度X_C/MPa	1 234
横向拉伸强度Y_T/MPa	92.7
横向压缩强度Y_C/MPa	176.0
面内剪切强度/MPa	82.6

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表 2 AS4/PEEK材料断裂韧性

Table 2. Fracture toughness of AS4/PEEK material (N·mm^-1)

纵向拉伸断裂韧性	128
纵向压缩断裂韧性	128
横向拉伸断裂韧性	5.6
横向压缩断裂韧性	9.31

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表 3 复合材料带孔板厚度分布

Table 3. Thickness distribution of composite plates with holes

铺层角度/(°)	铺层厚度/mm
0	0.75
45	0.50
-45	0.50
90	0.25

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表 4 铺层优化结果

Table 4. Results of ply optimization

孔形	层数	厚度/mm	最优铺层	原铺层
圆孔	16	0.125	[45/-45/0/45/-45/0/0/90]_S	[0/45/90/-45]_2S
三角孔	16	0.125	[45/-45/0/45/-45/0/0/90]_S	[0/45/90/-45]_2S
方孔	16	0.125	[45/-45/0/45/0/0/-45/90]_S	[0/45/90/-45]_2S

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表 5 圆孔、三角孔、方孔带孔板优化后失效载荷提升幅度

Table 5. Improvement rates of failure load of composite plates with circular, triangle and square holes after optimization %

优化类别	圆孔失效载荷提升率	三角孔失效载荷提升率	方孔失效载荷提升率
仅孔形	2.0	2.9	2.2
仅铺层	13.4	7.6	10.2
先孔形后铺层	15.6	13.5	11.6
先铺层后孔形	12.1	12.6	10.7

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