Screening method of suspected irregularity for medium- and low-speed maglev tracks based on Box-Whisker plot
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摘要: 为了减少中低速磁浮轨道检测工作量和轨道检测设备占用线路的时间，提升轨道不平顺检测效率，提出了通过行车记录仪采集悬浮系统有关数据来筛选轨道疑似不平顺的方法；依据轨道线路不平顺异常对悬浮间隙、悬浮电磁铁垂向加速度及电磁铁电流等都会造成明显突变异常的基本思想，基于Box-Whisker图设定筛选阈值，利用悬浮间隙、悬浮电磁铁垂向加速度及电磁铁电流等数据进行三元阈值的异常筛选，并针对可能漏筛的数据再次分别基于一元和二元阈值筛选，并综合上述结果来判定轨道路段的异常等级，将多次被筛选出的异常判定为疑似不平顺路段；为进一步提升不平顺异常路段筛选结果的准确性，依据同一车厢的不同悬浮控制点通过相同不平顺异常路段时的数据应体现出重复性异常的思想，融合行车记录仪记录的多个悬浮控制点数据的筛选结果，以此综合评判路段的疑似不平顺，在此基础上应用提出的方法分析了长沙磁浮线M车厢左侧10处悬浮控制系统的数据。研究结果表明：提出的方法使现有全路段不平顺检测方式转变为利用轨检设备有针对性地检测疑似异常路段的方式，线路检测维护时间可减少20%左右。Abstract: In order to reduce the workload of medium- and low-speed maglev track detection and the time occupied by track detection equipment and improve the efficiency of track irregularity detection, a method for screening suspected track irregularities by collecting the relevant data of suspension system through the driving recorder was proposed. According to the basic idea that the abnormal irregularity of the track line would cause obvious mutation anomalies to the suspension gap, vertical acceleration of the suspension electromagnet, and electromagnet current, based on the Box-Whitker plot, the screening threshold was set up, and the abnormal screening of the ternary threshold was carried out by using the data of suspension gap, vertical acceleration of the suspension electromagnet, and electromagnet current, and the data that might be missed were screened again based on the monadic and binary thresholds. The above results were used to determine the abnormal level of the track section, and the abnormal sections that had been screened many times were judged as sections with suspected irregularity. To further improve the accuracy of the screening results of abnormal sections with irregularity, according to the data of different suspension control points of the same carriage passing through the same abnormal section with irregularity, the idea of abnormal repeatability should be reflected, and the data of multiple suspension control points recorded by the driving recorder were be fused in terms of the screening results, so as to comprehensively judge the suspected irregularity of the section. On this basis, the proposed method was applied to analyze the data of 10 suspension control systems on the left side of M carriage on Changsha Maglev Line. Research results show that the proposed method can screen out suspected abnormal sections so that the existing whole-section irregularity detection method can be transformed into a method using track inspection equipment to detect suspected abnormal sections in a targeted manner. The maintenance time of line detection can reduce by about 20%.
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图 4 M车1R控制点单程运行的实测数据
Figure 4. Detection data at 1R control points of vehicle M by one way
图 6 M车1R控制点悬浮间隙差的频数分布
Figure 6. Frequency distribution of suspension gap differences at 1R control points of vehicle M
图 8 原始数据、目标异常点及显著异常点对比
Figure 8. Comparison of original data, target outliers and significant outliers
表 1 统计分析结果
Table 1. Statistical analysis results
物理量 σ Cv S K 悬浮间隙/mm 0.575 0.064 0.169 3.981 垂向加速度/(m·s-2) 1.161 0.117 0.300 20.730 电流/A 4.720 0.138 0.274 3.020 
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表 3 异常评价结果
Table 3. Outliers evaluation results
路段编号 一元阈值/个 二元阈值/组 三元阈值/组 等级 a i s s、i s、a a、i 63 12 2 1 2 1 1 1 Ⅰ 115 14 5 2 5 2 2 2 Ⅰ 64 11 4 5 1 1 2 0 Ⅱ 280 12 1 1 1 1 0 0 Ⅱ 288 12 1 4 0 3 1 0 Ⅱ 333 8 1 1 0 0 1 0 Ⅱ 60 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 Ⅲ 135 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Ⅲ 48 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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表 4 M车左侧轨道数据处理结果
Table 4. Data processing results of left track of vehicle M
路段编号 Ⅰ级/次 Ⅱ级/次 Ⅲ级/次 共计/次 15 5 3 0 8 17 1 5 1 7 55 0 5 0 5 56 2 0 0 2 72 3 3 2 8 102 3 6 0 9 110 0 8 0 8 119 0 5 0 5 120 0 6 0 6 166 3 2 1 6 167 2 4 2 8 255 3 6 0 9 274 2 2 0 4 291 2 2 0 4 310 1 0 0 1 354 3 5 0 8
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表 5 左侧轨道疑似不平顺路段
Table 5. Suspected irregularity sections of left track
路段编号 Ⅰ级贡献率 Ⅱ级贡献率 Ⅲ级贡献率 总计占比 等级 15 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.8 Y 72 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 Y 102 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.9 Y 167 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.8 Y 255 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.9 Y 354 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.8 Y 17 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.7 C 110 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.8 C 119 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 C 120 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.6 C 166 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6 C
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