地聚合物固化含黏风积沙土-水特征曲线

陈锐; 陈海; 包卫星; 来弘鹏

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.04.009

地聚合物固化含黏风积沙土-水特征曲线

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.04.009

长安大学公路学院，陕西西安 710064

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51708041

陕西省自然科学基金项目 2022JM-228

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目 300102210213

详细信息

作者简介:
陈锐(1987-)，男，广西来宾人，长安大学副教授，工学博士，从事特殊土力学特性和地基处理研究

中图分类号: U416.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-02
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-08
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-25

Soil-water characteristic curve of geopolymer stabilized aeolian sand with clay

School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51708041

Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province 2022JM-228

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 300102210213

More Information

Author Bio:
CHEN Rui(1987-), male, associate professor, PhD, rchenua@chd.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 为研究地聚合物固化含黏风积沙的持水性能，采用地聚合物对含黏风积沙进行改良，基于压力板仪法测量了不同基质吸力下对应的体积含水率，绘制了相应的土-水特征曲线(SWCC)并进行了模型拟合，探讨了含黏量、地聚合物掺量、龄期和纤维长度对固化风积沙持水性能和拟合参数的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着含黏量由20%提升到30%，风积沙试样在同一吸力下的体积含水率上升了3%左右，持水性显著提升；随着地聚合物掺量由8%提升到12%，20%和30%含黏量固化风积沙SWCC整体上移，10 kPa吸力对应体积含水率分别提升7.0%和5.9%，600 kPa吸力对应体积含水率分别提升4.3%和4.2%；而延长龄期对固化风积沙持水性能的提升较小，体积含水率变化幅度不超过1%；长度为6 mm的玄武岩纤维对固化风积沙持水性能的提升很小，但掺入长度为12 mm的纤维会导致其持水性能稍降低，两者变化幅度均不超过1%；固化含黏风积沙的SWCC具有2个陡降段，可采用分段式Van Genuchten模型拟合；双峰拟合参数能够反映试样大、小孔隙的分布，黏土仅影响大孔隙参数，而地聚合物能够影响大、小孔隙参数；扫描电镜和压汞试验结果表明地聚合物胶结产物和黏土的填充作用降低了土样孔隙率，掺入地聚合物后固化风积沙中孔隙总体积变化较小，一些大孔隙转化为小孔隙，大孔隙峰值密度由0.45 mL·g^-1降至0.22 mL·g^-1，微孔隙峰值密度由0.02 mL·g^-1升至0.05 mL·g^-1，孔隙平均尺寸减小；地聚合物水化产物的胶结作用导致土中产生团聚体，包裹了部分自由水并阻碍了水分流失，进而提高了固化风积沙的整体持水性能。
- 路基工程 /
- 风积沙路基 /
- 土-水特征曲线 /
- 地聚合物 /
- 含黏量 /
- 玄武岩纤维
Abstract: In order to study the water retention capacity of geopolymer stabilized aeolian sand with clay, the geopolymer was used to stabilize the aeolian sand with clay. Based on the pressure plate instrument method, the volume water contents under different matric suctions were measured, and the soil-water characteristic curves (SWCC) of stabilized aeolian sand were drawn and fitted. The effects of clay content, geopolymer content, curing time, and fiber length on the water retention capacity and fitting parameters of stabilized aeolian sand were studied. Research results show that with the increase in the clay content from 20% to 30%, the volume water content of aeolian sand sample under the same suction increases by about 3%, and the water retention capacity increases significantly. With the increase in the geopolymer content from 8% to 12%, the SWCCs of stabilized aeolian sand with 20% and 30% clay show an overall upward-moving trend, and the corresponding volume water contents with 10 kPa suction increase by 7.0% and 5.9%, and the corresponding volume water contents with 600 kPa suction increase by 4.3% and 4.2%, respectively. However, the extension of curing time has little effect on the improvement of the water retention capacity of stabilized aeolian sand, and the change range of volume water content is less than 1%. Basalt fiber with a length of 6 mm can barely improve the water retention capacity of stabilized aeolian sand. But increasing the fiber length to 12 mm slightly decreases the water retention capacity of stabilized aeolian sand, and the change ranges of both are less than 1%. The SWCC of stabilized aeolian sand with clay has two steep drop sections, which can be fitted by the multi-segment Van Genuchten model. The bimodal fitting parameters can reflect the distributions of large and small pores of the samples. Clay can only affect the parameters of large pores, while the geopolymer can affect the parameters of large and small pores. The scanning electron microscope and the mercury intrusion porosimetry test results show that the filling effects of geopolymer gel and clay reduce the porosity of soil samples. The overall pore volume in the stabilized aeolian sand varies slightly after the geopolymer is added. However, parts of the large pores change into small pores, the peak density of large pores decreases from 0.45 mL·g^-1 to 0.22 mL·g^-1, the peak density of micro pores increases from 0.02 mL·g^-1 to 0.05 mL·g^-1, and the average pore size decreases. The cementation of geopolymer leads to the formation of aggregates in the soil, which encapsulates some of the free water and prevents the water loss, improving the overall water retention capacity of stabilized aeolian sand.
- subgrade engineering /
- aeolian sand subgrade /
- soil-water characteristic curve /
- geopolymer /
- clay content /
- basalt fiber

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图 1 级配曲线

Figure 1. Gradation curves

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图 2 28 d龄期的地聚合物XRD图谱

Figure 2. XRD spectra of 28 d geopolymer

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图 3 压力板仪

Figure 3. Pressure plate instrument

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图 4 套上环刀的试样

Figure 4. Samples with ring cutter

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图 5 典型土-水特征曲线

Figure 5. Typical soil-water characteristic curve

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图 6 不同含黏量下的风积沙SWCC

Figure 6. SWCCs of aeolian sand with different clay contents

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图 7 不同龄期下固化风积沙SWCC

Figure 7. SWCCs of stabilized aeolian sand with different curing times

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图 8 掺入地聚合物后风积沙SWCC的变化

Figure 8. Variations of SWCC of aeolian sand after addition of geopolymer

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图 9 不同地聚合物掺量下固化风积沙SWCC

Figure 9. SWCCs of stabilized aeolian sand with different geopolymer content

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图 10 不同纤维长度下固化风积沙SWCC

Figure 10. SWCCs of stabilized aeolian sand with different fiber lengths

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图 11 单峰与双峰拟合曲线

Figure 11. Unimodal and bimodal fitting curves

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图 12 土中团聚体形态

Figure 12. Morphologies of aggregate in soil

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图 13 含黏风积沙与固化风积沙电镜照片

Figure 13. SEM images of aeolian sand with clay and stabilized aeolian sand

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图 14 含黏风积沙与固化风积沙的孔隙分布

Figure 14. Pore distribution of aeolian sand with clay and stabilized aeolian sand

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表 1 风积沙与黏土物理力学指标

Table 1. Physical-mechanical parameters of aeolian sand and clay

风积沙				黏土
黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/(°)	最大孔隙比	最小孔隙比	液限/%	塑限/%	塑性指数/%	黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/(°)
0	44.2	0.892	0.534	32.1	18.8	13.3	7.3	25.6

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表 2 风积沙化学成分

Table 2. Chemical compositions of aeolian sand

化学组分	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	烧失量
质量百分比/%	72.35	4.26	11.29	4.36	3.78	2.66	0.85	0.45

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表 3 地聚合物化学成分

Table 3. Chemical compositions of geopolymer

化学组分		SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	SO₃	Na₂O	烧失量
质量百分比/%	粉煤灰	52.34	9.62	24.48	5.00	1.91	2.27	0.46	0.78	3.14
	钢渣	31.20	35.40	9.00	8.40	2.40	2.30	3.10	2.74	5.46
	水泥	19.40	3.32	6.84	60.60	2.68	0.95	5.26	0.20	0.75

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表 4 试验方案

Table 4. Test plan

试样	风积沙与黏粒质量比	地聚合物质量百分比/%	纤维质量百分比/%	纤维长度/mm
20%C	8∶2	0
30%C	7∶3	0
20%C-8%GP(7 d)	8∶2	8
30%C-8%GP(7 d)	7∶3	8
20%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	8∶2	8	0.5	6
30%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	7∶3	8	0.5	6
20%C-8%GP(28 d)	8∶2	8
30%C-8%GP(28 d)	7∶3	8
30%C-8%GP-F12(7 d)	7∶3	8	0.5	12
20%C-12%GP(7 d)	8∶2	12
30%C-12%GP(7 d)	7∶3	12

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表 5 VG模型拟合参数

Table 5. Fitting parameters of VG model

试样	α	n	R²
20%C	0.707	1.276	0.954
30%C	0.730	1.206	0.955
20%C-8%GP(7 d)	1.777	1.114	0.875
30%C-8%GP(7 d)	1.519	1.085	0.892
20%C-8%GP(28 d)	2.074	1.106	0.862
30%C-8%GP(28 d)	1.515	1.088	0.915
20%C-12%GP(7 d)	0.414	1.093	0.959
30%C-12%GP(7 d)	0.120	1.090	0.941
20%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	1.975	1.114	0.863
30%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	1.300	1.087	0.927
30%C-8%GP-F12(7 d)	2.011	1.089	0.880

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表 6 VG模型双峰拟合参数

Table 6. Bimodel fitting parameters of VG model

试样	分界点ψ_d/ kPa	ψ≤ψ_d			ψ>ψ_d
试样	分界点ψ_d/ kPa	α₁	n₁	R₁²	α₂	n₂	R₂²
20%C	40	0.411	3.225	0.986	0.023 9	1.340	0.974
30%C	40	0.335	3.011	0.989	0.020 2	1.290	0.960
20%C-8%GP(7 d)	40	0.312	2.857	0.994	0.001 8	1.638	0.995
30%C-8%GP(7 d)	40	0.283	2.822	0.998	0.001 7	1.614	0.989
20%C-8%GP(28 d)	40	0.310	2.855	0.999	0.001 9	1.352	0.980
30%C-8%GP(28 d)	40	0.280	2.809	0.997	0.001 9	1.350	0.954
20%C-12%GP(7 d)	80	0.311	1.656	0.967	0.001 5	1.774	0.991
30%C-12%GP(7 d)	160	0.240	1.578	0.945	0.001 3	1.751	0.969
20%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	80	0.309	2.789	0.995	0.001 9	1.443	0.991
30%C-8%GP-F6(7 d)	80	0.290	2.318	0.993	0.001 7	1.530	0.998
30%C-8%GP-F12(7 d)	40	0.331	2.463	0.984	0.001 8	1.405	0.993

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