Fatigue characteristics of long-life cement-stabilized aggregates under complex service conditions
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摘要: 在不同荷载环境与服役年限等复杂服役条件下, 研究了不同加载模式和加载频率下不同养生龄期和水泥掺量的水泥稳定碎石的疲劳特性, 建立了基于加载速率相关应力比的复杂服役条件下水泥稳定碎石疲劳方程，分析了内部与外部因素影响下水泥稳定碎石疲劳特性的差异, 提出了外因条件下水泥稳定碎石疲劳特性的统一表征模型和内因条件下疲劳模型的转换关系。研究结果表明: 不同养生龄期、水泥掺量的水泥稳定碎石在不同加载模式下, 其强度皆表现出显著的加载速率相关性, 且强度与加载速率呈幂函数关系; 基于加载速率相关应力比的疲劳曲线皆过固定强度破坏点, 统一表征了单次强度破坏特征与循环加载疲劳破坏特征, 且不同外部因素(加载模式、加载频率、试件尺寸与形状等)下疲劳试验结果可统一表征, 精度在95%以上, 不同内部因素(养生龄期与水泥掺量等)下疲劳曲线互呈一定夹角, 在本试验条件范围内夹角与内部因素相关, 可据此建立不同内部因素下水泥稳定碎石疲劳模型转化关系, 疲劳模型显示, 水泥稳定碎石的疲劳特性随养生龄期与水泥含量的增加逐渐趋于稳定。Abstract: Under complex service conditions such as different load environments and service lives, the fatigue characteristics of cement-stabilized aggregates with varying curing ages and cement dosages were investigated under different loading modes and frequencies. The fatigue equation of cement-stabilized aggregates under complex service conditions was established based on the loading rate dependent stress ratio. The difference in fatigue characteristics of cement-stabilized aggregates under the influence of internal and external factors was compared and analyzed. A unified representation model of fatigue characteristics of cement-stabilized aggregates under external factors and a conversion relationship of fatigue models under internal factors were proposed. Research results show that under different loading modes, the strengths of cement-stabilized aggregates with varying curing ages and cement dosages are significantly related to the loading rate correlation, and the strength presents a power function relationship with the loading rate. The fatigue curves based on the loading rate dependent stress ratio all cross a fixed strength failure point, and uniformly characterize the single strength failure characteristics and fatigue failure characteristics under cyclic loading. The fatigue test results under different external factors (loading mode, loading frequency, specimen size, shape, etc.) can be characterized uniformly, and the accuracy is above 95%. Fatigue curves under different internal factors (curing age, cement dosage, etc.) present a certain angle to each other, and the size of the angle is related to internal factors within the range of test conditions. Accordingly, the conversion relationship of fatigue models of cement-stabilized aggregates under different internal factors can be established. The fatigue model shows that the fatigue performance of cement-stabilized aggregates tends to stabilize gradually with the increase in curing age and cement dosage.
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图 1 不同应力状态下水泥稳定碎石强度的加载速率相关性
Figure 1. Loading rate correlations of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different stress states
图 2 不同养生龄期下水泥稳定碎石强度的加载速率相关性
Figure 2. Loading rate correlations of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different curing ages
图 3 不同水泥掺量下水泥稳定碎石强度的加载速率相关性
Figure 3. Loading rate correlations of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different cement dosages
图 4 不同加载频率下水泥稳定碎石疲劳曲线
Figure 4. Fatigue curves of cement-stabilized aggregates under different loading frequencies
图 5 不同应力状态下水泥稳定碎石疲劳曲线
Figure 5. Fatigue curves of cement-stabilized aggregates under different stress states
图 6 不同养生龄期下水泥稳定碎石疲劳曲线
Figure 6. Fatigue curves of cement-stabilized aggregates under different curing ages
图 7 不同水泥掺量下水泥稳定碎石疲劳曲线
Figure 7. Fatigue curves of cement-stabilized aggregates under different cement dosages
图 8 不同加载频率和应力状态下水泥稳定碎石疲劳特性
Figure 8. Fatigue characteristics of cement-stabilized aggregates under different loading frequencies and stress states
表 1 水泥稳定碎石级配设计结果
Table 1. Design results of cement-stabilized aggregates gradation
筛孔孔径/mm 设计级配各筛孔的通过率/% 26.500 100.0 19.000 92.5 16.000 85.5 13.200 77.0 9.500 62.7 4.750 34.4 2.360 21.2 1.180 17.0 0.600 11.5 0.300 8.2 0.150 5.1 0.075 3.6 
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表 2 击实试验结果
Table 2. Compaction test results
水泥掺量/% 最佳含水率/% 最大干密度/(g·cm-3) 3.0 4.6 2.301 3.5 4.5 2.308 4.0 4.5 2.332 5.0 4.6 2.361
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表 3 不同应力状态下水泥稳定碎石强度的拟合结果
Table 3. Fitting results of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different stress states
应力状态 拟合参数 R2 无侧限压缩 a 4.312 0.9 b 0.121 间接拉伸 a 0.843 b 0.223 四点弯曲 a 0.599 b 0.303
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表 4 不同养生龄期下水泥稳定碎石强度的拟合结果
Table 4. Fitting results of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different curing ages
养生龄期/d 拟合参数 R2 7 a 0.413 0.9 b 0.298 14 a 0.603 b 0.266 28 a 0.598 b 0.303 90 a 0.995 b 0.216
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表 5 不同水泥掺量下水泥稳定碎石强度的拟合结果
Table 5. Fitting results of cement-stabilized aggregates strength under different cement dosages
水泥掺量/% 拟合参数 R2 3.0 a 0.388 0.9 b 0.379 3.5 a 0.559 b 0.294 4.0 a 0.598 b 0.303 5.0 a 0.791 b 0.247
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表 6 不同加载频率下水泥稳定碎石疲劳试验的拟合结果
Table 6. Fitting results of fatigue tests of cement-stabilized aggregates under different loading frequencies
疲劳方程 加载频率/Hz 参数 R2 式(3) 1 k 316.562 0.87 n -6.239 5 k 1.487 0.89 n -7.218 10 k 0.136 0.94 n -10.003 20 k 5 590.620 0.97 n -5.869 式(4) k 1.001 0.97 n -10.156
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表 7 不同应力状态下水泥稳定碎石疲劳试验的拟合结果
Table 7. Fitting results of fatigue tests on cement-stabilized aggregates under different stress states
疲劳方程 应力状态 参数 R2 式(3) 压缩 k 1.998 0.91 n -8.936 间接拉伸 k 49.545 0.93 n -7.877 弯拉 k 1.486 0.89 n -10.003 式(4) k 1.000 0.99 n -10.076
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表 8 不同养生龄期下水泥稳定碎石疲劳试验拟合结果
Table 8. Fitting results of fatigue tests of cement-stabilized aggregates under different curing ages
疲劳方程 养生龄期/d 参数 R2 式(3) 7 k 10.772 0.94 n -8.039 14 k 19.897 0.91 n -7.302 28 k 7.837 0.89 n -10.003 90 k 13.944 0.95 n -7.872 式(4) 7 k 1.116 0.87 n -13.275 14 k 1.072 0.89 n -10.665 28 k 1.210 0.94 n -10.295 90 k 1.001 0.97 n -9.338
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表 9 不同水泥掺量下水泥稳定碎石疲劳试验拟合结果
Table 9. Fitting results of fatigue tests of cement-stabilized aggregates under different cement dosages
疲劳方程 水泥掺量% 参数 R2 式(3) 3.0 k 22.182 0.83 n -8.061 3.5 k 4.853 0.97 n -8.907 4.0 k 1.486 0.89 n -10.003 5.0 k 1.820 0.95 n -9.329 式(4) 3.0 k 1.621 0.86 n -12.169 3.5 k 1.241 0.91 n -10.951 4.0 k 1.108 0.94 n -10.295 5.0 k 1.012 0.97 n 9.873
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