Volume 25 Issue 1
Feb.  2025
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OU Kai, HU Hao-wen, WU Yu-heng, GUO Xuan, YANG Xin-rong, ZHANG Qian, MA Ming-hui, WANG Ya-xiong. Review on technologies of fuel cell air compressors for vehicles[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2025, 25(1): 66-93. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2025.01.005
Citation: OU Kai, HU Hao-wen, WU Yu-heng, GUO Xuan, YANG Xin-rong, ZHANG Qian, MA Ming-hui, WANG Ya-xiong. Review on technologies of fuel cell air compressors for vehicles[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2025, 25(1): 66-93. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2025.01.005
shu

Review on technologies of fuel cell air compressors for vehicles

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2025.01.005
  • 1.

    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, China

  • 2.

    Hebei Kingston Technology Co., Ltd., Xinji 052360, Hebei, China

  • 3.

    CATARC New Energy Vehicle Test Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, China

Funds:

National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFB4004200

More Information
  • Corresponding author: WANG Ya-xiong(1988-), male, professor, PhD, yxwang@fzu.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 2024-03-21
  • Publish Date: 2025-02-25
    Abstract
  • The research progress of fuel cell air compressors for vehicles was reviewed from the aspects of performance requirements and technology status. The technologies of key components parameter optimization design, electromechanical coupling control, manufacturing and performance testing of centrifugal air compressors were summarized. The future development directions of fuel cell air compressor technologies were prospected. Research results show that fuel cell air compressors need to meet the requirements of large flow rate and fast response. At present, the flow and pressure characteristics of the two-stage centrifugal air compressor can meet the oxygen supply requirements of the 5-350 kW fuel cell system. The maximum speed of the compressor can reach 1.0×105 r·min-1, and the response time from zero speed to idle speed is seconds. The parameters of key components such as impeller, diffuser and foil gas dynamic pressure bearing can be designed by optimization algorithm to improve the aerodynamic performance of air compressor. In order to reduce the speed and torque fluctuation of drive motor, current loop decoupling control and sensorless control can be used in the electromechanical coupling control of centrifugal air compressor to improve the dynamic response ability of the compressor. In order to ensure the aerodynamic performance and system stability of centrifugal air compressor in high-speed operation, high-precision ternary impeller machining is mainly realized by milling with five-axis computer numerical control machine tool, and the coating of foil gas dynamic pressure bearing usually adopts solid lubrication and plasma injection technology. In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of fuel cell air compressors, it also need to carry out characteristic test such as flow, pressure ratio and efficiency and durability indicator test such as start-stop and life. At present, the test standards and methods of air compressor aerodynamic performance are relatively complete, but the test and evaluation methods related to durability need to be further improved. In the future, with the growing demand for sustainable transportation solutions, fuel cell air compressor technologies for vehicles will be developed in lightweight and intelligent direction.

     

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