The importance of speeding up the highway transportation development is discussed. The developing history of highway transportation in China is reviewed. It is pointed out that to speed up the scientific and technical progrees is the basis of developing highway transportation. Three kinds of trend and five subjects of scientific and technical research for highway transportation are summarized. Combined with the policy of developing Chinese western region, the inadequacy and weakness of highway transportation in Chinese western region are analyzed. The policy and plan of state government for supporting highway transportation development in western region are presented. According to the nature condition of western region, the key technology in developing highway transportation is outlined.