Bi-level programming model of timing optimization for multiple bus priority intersection

Induction signal control based on bus priority had negative effects on vehicles in nonpriority phases. In order to equilibrate the loss of non-priority phases, as well as to reduce the passenger delay at the intersection and the downstream stations, a bi-level programming model of signal timing optimization for multiple bus priority intersection was proposed. In the upper model, priority strategies were optimized based on the intersection delay and the passenger queuing delay at downstream stations. In the lower model, the equilibrium process of green loss was described based on the calculation of acceleration-deceleration delay at the intersection. With priority strategies as decision-making variables, the influence of priority strategies was introduced to the lower model. The solution algorithm was designed by using the Gauss-Seidel iterative method. An application example was analyzed. Analysis result indicates that after signal timing optimization, total passenger delays at the intersection and downstream stations in the period reduces by 23 576.12 s. Besides, the vehicle acceleration-deceleration delay at the intersection reduces by 62.87s. Bi-level programming model ensures the overall efficiency at the intersection under consideration of bus priority.