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摘要: 为了分析聚合物乳液改性水泥基材料在公路工程中的耐久性能, 通过粘结试样的劈裂强度试验研究改性水泥砂浆的粘结性能; 通过在道端式硬度仪上进行磨耗试验研究改性水泥砂浆的耐磨性能; 通过在不同酸性溶液浸泡后抗压强度试验研究改性水泥砂浆的耐腐蚀性能; 通过温度和湿度收缩试验研究改性水泥基材料的收缩系数; 通过渗透性试验研究改性水泥混凝土的抗渗性; 通过冻融循环试验研究改性水泥混凝土的抗冻性。研究结果表明, 与普通水泥砂浆相比, 经聚合物改性后水泥砂浆的粘结性能、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能得到明显提高, 温度收缩系数有所降低; 与普通水泥混凝土相比, 经聚合物改性后水泥混凝土的抗渗性、抗冻性、抗干缩收缩性能得到明显提高, 在温度区间-20.1~0.0℃上的平均温度收缩系数明显降低, 在温度区间-20.1~22.8℃上的平均温度收缩系数也有所降低。改性水泥砂浆和水泥混凝土的各项性能除砂浆粘结强度外均有随聚灰比的增加耐久性能改性效果更明显的趋势。Abstract: In order to study the durabilities of polymer modified cement materials in road engineering, the split-strength of polymer modified cement mortar(PMCM) was studied by split test, the wearability of PMCM was studied by grinding test, the corrosion-resisting of PMCM dipping in different acidity liquors was studied, the contraction coefficient of PMCM and PMCC(polymer modified cement concrete) was studied by thermal and dry-contraction coefficient test, the frost-resisting of PMCC was studied by frost-melt cycle test, the anti-permeability of PMCC was studied by permeability test. Compared to cement materials, the split strength, wearability and corrosion-resisting of PMCM are increased, its thermal contraction coefficient is decreased, the anti-permeability, frost-resisting and dry shrinkage of PMCC are increased, its thermal contraction coefficient is decreased greatly from(-20.1) to 0.0 ℃, it is decreased little from(-20.1) to 22.8 ℃. The performances of modified cement materials are increased greatly with the increase of polymer ratio.
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Key words:
- road engineering /
- polymer /
- cement materials /
- durability
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表 1 聚合物乳液性质比较
Table 1. Properties of polymer latexes
习惯名称 简称 主要成分 固含量/% 粘度/(Pa·s) pH值 丁苯5050乳液 SB 丁苯橡胶 ≥43 0.02~0.10 10.0~13.0 SD622S羧基丁苯乳液 SD 羧基丁苯橡胶 47 0.03 9.5 表 2 聚合物乳液改性水泥基材料配合比
Table 2. Mixture ratios of polymer cement materials
聚合物类型 聚灰比/% 改性水泥砂浆配合比 编号 水灰比/% 水泥∶砂∶聚合物∶水(质量比) 不掺乳液 0 DLA1 0.500 1∶2.500∶0.050∶0.500 SB 5 DLA2 0.383 1∶2.500∶0.050∶0.383 10 DLA3 0.350 1∶2.500∶0.100∶0.350 15 DLA4 0.333 1∶2.500∶0.150∶0.333 SD 5 DSA2 0.373 1∶2.500∶0.050∶0.373 10 DSA3 0.313 1∶2.500∶0.100∶0.313 15 DSA4 0.303 1∶2.500∶0.150∶0.303 聚合物类型 聚灰比/% 改性混凝土配合比 编号 水灰比/% 水泥∶砂∶碎石∶水∶聚合物(质量比) 不掺乳液 0 HLA1 0.550 1∶2∶3.710∶0.550∶0.000 SB 5 HLA2 0.491 1∶2∶3.710∶0.491∶0.050 10 HLA3 0.383 1∶2∶3.710∶0.383∶0.100 15 HLA4 0.324 1∶2∶3.710∶0.324∶0.150 SD 5 HSA2 0.456 1∶2∶3.710∶0.456∶0.050 10 HSA3 0.388 1∶2∶3.710∶0.388∶0.100 15 HSA4 0.319 1∶2∶3.710∶0.319∶0.150 表 3 聚合物水泥砂浆耐磨性能
Table 3. Wearabilities of polymer modified cement mortars
聚合物类型 编号 聚灰比/% 水灰比/% 磨耗前质量/g 磨耗后质量/g 质量损失/g 质量损失百分率/% 不掺乳液 DLA1 0 0.500 610.100 598.400 11.700 1.920 SD DSA2 5 0.373 577.400 567.200 10.200 1.770 DSA3 10 0.313 541.600 533.900 7.700 1.420 DSA4 15 0.303 527.800 522.900 4.900 0.930 表 4 聚合物水泥砂浆耐腐蚀性能
Table 4. Corrosion-resisting properties of polymer modified cement mortars
聚合物 聚灰比/% 水灰比/% 对比抗压强度/MPa 2%HCl抗压强度 5%H2SO4抗压强度 5%CH3COOH抗压强度 抗压强度/MPa 损失百分率/% 抗压强度/MPa 损失百分率/% 抗压强度/MPa 损失百分率/% 不掺乳液 0 0.500 37.900 8.700 77.000 7.000 81.500 8.200 78.400 SB 5 0.383 32.800 8.800 73.200 7.200 78.100 7.900 75.900 10 0.350 34.000 17.600 48.200 16.600 51.200 15.000 55.900 15 0.333 23.400 14.700 37.200 — — 12.300 47.400 SD 5 0.373 36.000 21.800 39.500 22.200 38.400 21.500 40.300 10 0.313 40.500 22.400 44.800 20.500 49.400 20.400 49.700 15 0.303 41.400 21.200 48.900 20.500 50.500 18.100 56.300 表 5 乳液改性混凝土的抗渗性能
Table 5. Anti-permeabilities of latex modified concretes
聚合物类型 编号 聚灰比/% 渗水量/ml 干质量/g 吸水率/% 不掺乳液 HLA1 0 26.0 8 208 2.790 SB HLA2 5 12.0 8066 1.748 HLA3 10 6.0 8300 0.855 HLA4 15 3.0 8425 0.368 SD HSA2 5 8.0 7850 1.401 HSA3 10 4.0 7979 0.539 HSA4 15 0.5 8182 0.281 表 6 乳液改性混凝土的干缩性能
Table 6. Dry shrinkage properties of latex modified concretes
聚合物类型 编号 聚灰比/% 烘干质量/g 吸水率/% 饱水至纯干的微应变/με 不掺乳液 HLA1 0 8208 2.790 6 164 SB HLA2 5 8066 1.748 1 340 HLA3 10 8300 0.855 162 HLA4 15 8425 0.368 102 SD HSA2 5 7850 1.401 238 HSA3 10 7979 0.539 933 HSA4 15 8182 0.281 101 表 7 乳液改性混凝土的温度收缩系数
Table 7. Thermal contraction coefficient of latex modified concrete
/10-6℃-1 聚合物类型 编号 聚灰比/% -20.1~0.0 ℃平均温度收缩系数 0.0~22.8 ℃平均温度收缩系数 -20.1~22.8 ℃平均温度收缩系数 不掺乳液 HLA1 0 15.390 6.710 9.600 SB HLA2 5 6.460 8.260 7.810 HLA3 10 7.770 9.600 8.380 HLA4 15 3.280 4.900 4.200 SD HSA2 5 5.230 4.980 5.140 HSA3 10 6.890 4.180 5.730 HSA4 15 7.090 8.160 7.620 表 8 乳液改性混凝土的抗冻性能
Table 8. Frost-resisting properties of latex modified concretes
聚合物类型 编号 聚灰比/% 对比强度/MPa 冻融后强度/MPa 强度损失百分率/% 不掺乳液 HLA1 0 30.220 25.780 14.710 SB HLA2 5 21.330 19.000 10.940 HLA3 10 26.890 24.220 9.920 HLA4 15 23.560 22.220 6.000 SD HSA2 5 16.890 15.440 8.550 HSA3 10 32.000 29.560 7.640 HSA4 15 33.330 32.000 4.170 -
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