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摘要: 为了合理设计军用机场沥青混凝土道面, 以设计飞机作为计算荷载, 按照疲劳等效原理, 分析了不同飞机之间的交通量换算关系, 根据军用机场道面使用特点、组成结构材料特性和损坏现象, 采用面层、基层、底基层底部的拉应力和面层的剪应力作为结构设计指标, 应用弹性层状体系理论设计了军用机场沥青混凝土道面。在H-6、MD-82和B727-100组成的混合交通中, 分别用H-6和MD-82作为设计飞机, 采用道面结构设计程序Pave2000进行结构层厚度计算。计算结果表明, 以H-6为设计飞机, 下基层设计厚度为34 cm, 以MD-82为设计飞机, 下基层设计厚度为33 cm, 两者相对误差仅为3.03%, 说明此设计方法是正确的。Abstract: In order to reasonably design the asphalt concrete pavement of military airfield, design airplane was regarded as calculating load, the conversion relations of traffic volumes between different airplanes were analyzed by using fatigue equivalent principle, the tensile stresses of surface, base, subbase and the shear stress of surface were regarded as the structure design indices, according to the characteristics of pavement load, pavement material and pavement damage, airfield pavement was designed by using elastic layered theory.When the mix traffic consisted of H-6, MD-82 and B727-100, H-6 and MD-82 were used as the design load to design asphalt pavement separately, and the structure thicknesses of pavement were computed by using the program of Pave 2000.Computation result shows that the design thickness of subbase is 34 cm with H-6, it is 33 cm with MD-82, their relative error is only 3.03%, which indicates that the design method is correct.
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Key words:
- airport engineering /
- asphalt pavement /
- design method /
- traffic volume /
- design criteria
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表 1 双轮起落架轮径比统计结果
Table 1. Statistical result of lrfor double-wheel landing gear
样本数 平均轮径比 标准差 变异系数/% 24 3.32 0.405 12.2 
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表 2 双轴双轮起落架轴径比统计结果
Table 2. Statistical results of zrfor double-axle and double-wheel landing gear
样本数 平均轴径比 标准差 变异系数/% 34 6.791 0.361 5.3
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表 3 双轴双轮起落架轮径比统计结果
Table 3. Statistical results of lrfor double-axle and double-wheel landing gear
轮径比 样本数 平均轮径比 标准差 变异系数/% lr < 4.00 15 3.40 0.345 10.10 4.00≤lr≤5.00 13 4.42 0.245 5.56 lr > 5.00 7 5.58 0.270 4.83
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表 4 轮径比范围
Table 4. Scopes of lr
类型 代表轮径比 代表轴径比 实际轮径比 Ⅰ 3.40 6.700 < 4.00 Ⅱ 4.42 6.700 4.00~5.00 Ⅲ 5.58 6.700 > 5.00
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表 5 各型起落架的换算参数
Table 5. Conversion parameters of different landing gears
起落架构型 α d 公式说明 单轮与单轮 1.000 1.92 双轮与双轮 1.67 Ⅰ型双轴双轮之间 1.10 Ⅱ型双轴双轮之间 1.01 Ⅲ型双轴双轮之间 1.15 单轮与双轮 1.730 1.67 下标1为双轮参数, 下标2为单轮参数 单轮与Ⅰ型双轴双轮 0.486 下标1为单轮参数, 下标2为双轴双轮参数 单轮与Ⅱ型双轴双轮 0.550 单轮与Ⅲ型双轴双轮 0.607 双轮与Ⅰ型双轴双轮 0.840 下标1为双轮参数, 下标2为双轴双轮参数 双轮与Ⅱ型双轴双轮 0.950 双轮与Ⅲ型双轴双轮 1.050 Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型双轴双轮 1.134 下标1为Ⅰ型参数, 下标2为Ⅱ型参数 Ⅰ型与Ⅲ型双轴双轮 1.250 下标1为Ⅰ型参数, 下标2为Ⅲ型参数 Ⅱ型与Ⅲ型双轴双轮 1.105 下标1为Ⅱ型参数, 下标2为Ⅲ型参数
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表 6 Kt值对比
Table 6. Comparison of Ktvalues
机场等级 设计年限 重复作用次数Nf 按式(14) 计算Kt1 按式(15) 计算Kt2 Kt2/Kt1 一级 8 29 600 1.496 1.707 1.141 二级 12 44 400 1.536 1.763 1.148 三级、四级 15 55 500 1.559 1.794 1.151 100 000 1.620 1.880 1.160
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表 7 交通量组成
Table 7. Components of traffic volume
飞机 预计年平均运行次数 H-6 20 000 MD-82 13 000 B727-100 1 000
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表 8 道面结构
Table 8. Pavement construction
结构层次 厚度/cm 拟用材料 抗压回弹模量/MPa 劈裂强度/MPa 上面层 4 细粒式沥青混凝土 1 900 1.4 中面层 6 中粒式沥青混凝土 1 700 1.0 下面层 8 粗粒式沥青混凝土 1 300 0.8 上基层 20 二灰碎石 1 500 0.7 下基层 石灰水泥碎石 1 200 0.4 底基层 50 碎石灰土 700 0.3
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