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摘要: 使用参数传递、求解控制以及动态网格技术, 建立了侧风流体动力学模型和高速列车多体动力学模型, 通过对列车外流场和系统响应进行协同仿真, 获得不同侧风环境下列车的稳定姿态和气动载荷, 研究了列车运行的安全性指标, 分析了不同侧风环境下列车安全运行的临界速度, 确定了列车的侧风作用安全域。计算结果表明: 随着列车运行速度和侧风强度的增大, 轮重减载率、脱轨系数和轮轴横向力依次出现超限现象; 当列车运行速度小于300 km·h-1时, 列车头车所有轮对均逆风向偏移; 当列车运行速度为300 km·h-1且侧风风速为30 m·s-1以及列车运行速度为350 km·h-1且侧风风速不小于25 m·s-1时, 一、二位轮对顺风偏移, 三、四位轮对逆风偏移; 列车运行速度越高, 抵抗侧风能力越低, 且列车临界速度对侧风强度的敏感性增大。Abstract: Based on parameter transmission, solution to control and dynamic mesh techniques, the cross wind fluid dynamics model and the multi-body system dynamics model of high-speed train were established.By collaboratively simulating the external flow field and system response of train, the stable attitudes and aerodynamic loads under different cross wind environments were obtained.The running safety indexes were studied, the critical speeds of running safety under different cross wind environments were analyzed, and the security domain was defined.Calculation result indicates that with the increases of train speed and cross wind strength, the transfinite phenomena of wheel unloading rate, derailment coefficient and lateral wheelset force appear successively.While train speed is less than 300 km·h-1, all wheelsets of leading vehicle almost have upwind migration.While train speed is 300 km·h-1 and cross wind speed is 30 m·s-1, and train speed is 350 km·h-1 and cross wind speed is more than 25 m·s-1, the first and second wheelsets have downwind migration, the third and fourth wheelsets have upwind migration.The higher train speed is, the lower the cross wind resistance ability is, and the sensitivity of train critical speed on cross wind strength will increase.
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Key words:
- high-speed train /
- aerodynamics /
- security domain /
- cross wind /
- attitude change /
- collaborative simulation
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图 11 不同工况下的横向气动力
Figure 11. Latetal aerodyanmic forces under different running conditions
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