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摘要: 建立车辆系统数学模型, 理论分析转向架相对车体的回转运动过程, 推导装备空气弹簧转向架车辆的回转阻力系数计算公式。利用参数试验台进行回转阻力系数测试, 验证数学模型和理论计算结果的可信性, 分析动拖车在不同载重下的回转阻力系数分布规律, 研究空簧状态对回转阻力系数的影响。分析结果表明: 空簧正常、过充状态下理论计算值均低于试验值, 最大相差0.02, 原因为理论计算时未考虑不同转动速度下的空簧动刚度特性与其他悬挂部件的阻力作用; 回转阻力系数与转动角度和转动速度成正比, 1.0 (°) ·s-1时的回转阻力系数要远大于0.2 (°) ·s-1时的结果, 最大相差0.047;在空簧失气状态下, 试验值大于计算值, 且转动速度越大, 差异越显著; 空簧过充对回转阻力系数影响不大, 最危险工况为拖车空车在空簧失气状态下, 回转阻力系数为0.093。Abstract: The mathematical model of railway passenger car was established to analyze the rotation motion between bogie and carbody.The bogie rotation resistance factor formula was built for the vehicle with air springs bogies.Laboratory test was used to measure the resistance factor to verify mathematical model and calculation results.The distribution rule of bogie rotation resistance factor was summarized for motor and trailer car under different loading conditions.The influence of air spring state on the resistance factor was analyzed.Analysis result shows that the theory calculation result is slightly smaller than the test result for air springs in inflated and overinflated states, and the maximum error is 0.02, which is resulted from that the dynamic stiffness change of air spring at different rotation velocities and other suspension components'influence in theory calculation are ignored.The greater the rotation angle and the rotation velocity are, the greater the rotation resistance factor becomes.The resistance factor at 1.0 (°) ·s-1 is much greater than that at 0.2 (°) ·s-1, and the extreme error is 0.047.In the deflated state of air spring, the test result is bigger than the calculation result, and the difference increases with the rotation velocity.The air spring in over-inflated state has little effect on the rotation resistance factor.In the deflated state of air spring, for trailer car of tare load, the rotation resistance factor reaches its most dangerous value 0.093.
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Key words:
- railway vehicle /
- bogie /
- rotation resistance torque /
- rotation resistance factor /
- rotation velocity /
- rotation angle
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图 4 转动平台阻力矩与角度计算方法
Figure 4. Calculation method for resistant torque and angle of rotation platform
图 5 试验台空载状态回转阻力曲线
Figure 5. Rotation resistance curves of rotation platform without load
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