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摘要: 以中国高速公路联网收费系统数据库为主, 并辅以收费站典型抽样调查, 分析了中国高速公路网运输状态。分析结果表明: 与2011年相比, 2012年度高速公路网客运密度同比下降5.09%;小客车(不大于7座客运车辆) 完成的周转量在旅客周转量中的比重为49.99%, 同比上升2.88%;Ⅰ型客车平均速度下降3.68%, Ⅱ型客车平均速度下降3.18%, Ⅲ型客车平均速度下降4.12%, Ⅳ型客车平均速度上升0.25%;货运密度同比下降9.59%, 汽车列车完成货物周转量的80.46%, 货运车辆的空车走行率为21.22%, 同比下降1.02%;按照GB 1589—2004治超标准, 超限30%以上的货车比重为3.16%。2012年, 中国高速公路小客车旅客运输持续保持快速增长态势, 营业性客运旅客运输和货物运输增长态势均有所放缓。Abstract: Based on the database of expressway network toll system and the typical sampling investigation data at toll station, the transportation status of Chinese expressway network in 2012 was analyzed.Analysis result shows that compared with the transportation status in 2011, passenger transportation density in expressway network in 2012 reduced by 5.09%.49.99% of passenger turnover volume was produced by mini-type buses (the seat amount of every bus is less than 8), and the volume rose by 2.88%.The average speed ofⅠ-type bus reduced by 3.68%, the average speed ofⅡ-type bus reduced by 3.18%, the average speed ofⅢ-type bus reduced by 4.12%, and the average speed ofⅣ-type bus rose by 0.25%.Freight transportation density reduced by 9.59%, and 80.46% of freight turnover volume was produced by tractor-trailer combination.The percentage of empty to loaded truck kilometers was 21.22% and reduced by 1.02%.According to the standard of GB 1589—2004, the percentage of trucks with the overweight more than 30% was 3.16%.In 2012, the mini-type bus passenger transportation of Chinese expressway network kept continuous high-speed growth, the increasing speed of commercial bus (seats amount of every bus is more than 19) passenger and freight transportation reduced.
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