Influence of key factors in construction on pavement performances of epoxy asphalt concrete
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摘要: 为了研究施工关键因素与环氧沥青混凝土路用性能的综合关系, 通过模拟施工关键因素的变化, 在室内进行多指标正交试验, 关键因素主要包括环氧沥青中A、B组分质量比(A组分为环氧树脂, B组分为石油沥青与固化剂组成的匀质合成物)、油石比、集料级配、混凝土成型时间、混凝土成型温度与压实功, 多指标主要包括高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、抗疲劳性、渗水性、抗滑性与水稳定性, 利用改进灰色局势决策计算正交试验中每种局势的路用性能与最优局势的灰色综合关联度, 并通过SPSS软件进行极差与方差分析。分析结果表明: 局势4的灰色综合关联度为0.943 7, 与局势3的灰色综合关联度相差0.081 1, 较大的差值说明不同的局势与最优局势的联系紧密程度相差较大, 根据各局势的灰色综合关联度得出18种制作试件方案的优劣排序; 成型时间的极差为2.857, 集料级配的极差为1.555, 两者相差1.302, 说明不同的关键因素对环氧沥青混凝土路用性能的影响程度不同, 根据各关键因素的极差得出6个关键因素对环氧沥青混凝土路用性能的影响程度由大到小依次为成型时间、油石比、A、B组分质量比、压实功、成型温度与集料级配; 比较每个关键因素的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值, 可以得出最佳的施工方案为A、B组分质量比取1∶2.9, 油石比取6.5%, 集料级配取2.36 mm筛孔通过率设计中值, 成型时间取55 min, 成型温度取120℃, 压实功取轮碾24次; 方差分析中各关键因素的F检验值均大于临界值19, 具有良好的显著性。可见, 采用改进灰色局势决策可以有效评估不同施工方案下环氧沥青混凝土路用性能, 并可以结合极差分析确定施工过程中各关键因素对环氧沥青混凝土路用性能的影响程度与最佳的施工方案。Abstract: In order to study the comprehensive relationship between the key factors in construction and the pavement performances of epoxy asphalt concrete, the variation of key factors in construction was simulated, and the multi-index orthogonal experiment was carried out in the laboratory.The key factors included mass ratio of component A(the epoxy resin)to component B(the mixture of petroleum asphalt and curing agent)in epoxy asphalt, asphalt-aggregate ratio, aggregate gradation, molding time of concrete, molding temperature of concrete, and compaction work.The multiple indexes included high-temperature stability, low-temperature anti-cracking performance, fatigue resistance performance, water permeability, skid resistance, and moisturesusceptibility.The improved grey situation decision was used to calculate the grey comprehensive relevancy between the pavement performances of every situation in orthogonal experiment and the optimal situation, and the range and the variance were analyzed by using the statistical product and service solutions(SPSS)software.Analysis result shows that the grey comprehensive relevancy of situation 4 is 0.943 7 and 0.081 1 larger than the value of situation 3, which indicates that the relational closeness between each situation and optimal situation changes significant.Based on the grey comprehensive relevancy of every situation, 18 kinds of schemes making specimens are ranked from good to bad.The range of molding time is 2.857, while the range of aggregate gradation is 1.555, and the larger difference of 1.302 between the two key factors shows that the influences of different key factors in construction on the pavement performances are different.Based on the ranges, key ranked factors are molding time of concrete, asphalt-aggregate ratio, mass ratio of component A to component B, compaction work, molding temperature of concrete, and aggregate gradation according to the influences from big to small.By comparing the average values of grey comprehensive relevancies of each level of all key factors, the determined best construction scheme is that the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1∶2.9, asphalt-aggregate ratio is 6.5%, the passing rate of 2.36 mm of aggregate gradation is the median of design value, molding time is 55 min, molding temperature is 120 ℃, and compaction work is 24 times.The F test value of every key factor in variance analysis is bigger than 19, so key factors and their levels have good conspicuousness.Obviously, the improved grey situation decision can be used to effectively evaluate the pavement performances of epoxy asphalt concrete under different construction schemes, and to determine the influence degrees of key factors in construction on the pavement performances of epoxy asphalt concrete and the best construction scheme combined with the range analysis.
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图 4 局势1~5与最优局势测度的比较
Figure 4. Comparison of measure degrees between situations 1-5 and optimal situation
图 5 局势6~10与最优局势测度的比较
Figure 5. Comparison of measure degrees between situations 6-10 and optimal situation
图 6 局势11~14与最优局势测度的比较
Figure 6. Comparison of measure degrees between situations 11-14 and optimal situation
图 7 局势15~18与最优局势测度的比较
Figure 7. Comparison of measure degrees between situations 15-18 and optimal situation
图 10 A、B组分质量比的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 10. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all mass ratio levels of component A to component B
图 11 油石比的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 11. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all levels of asphalt-aggregate ratio
图 12 集料级配的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 12. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all levels of aggregate gradation
图 13 成型时间的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 13. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all levels of molding time
图 14 成型温度的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 14. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all levels of molding temperature
图 15 压实功的各水平的灰色综合关联度均值
Figure 15. Average values of grey comprehensive relevancies for all levels of compaction work
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