砂夹层黄土路基水分迁移规律

晏长根; 邹群; 许昱; 万琪; 石玉玲; 马刚峰

砂夹层黄土路基水分迁移规律

晏长根^1,,
邹群²,
许昱³,
万琪¹,
石玉玲⁴,
马刚峰⁵

1.
长安大学公路学院, 陕西西安 710064
2.
南昌工程学院土木与建筑工程学院, 江西南昌 330099
3.
中交公路规划设计院有限公司, 北京 100088
4.
长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 陕西西安 710054
5.
欧道明大学土木与环境工程系, 佛吉尼亚诺福克 23501

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41272285

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目 2014G2260009

甘肃省交通建设科技项目 2013-03

详细信息

作者简介:
晏长根(1975-), 男, 江西萍乡人, 长安大学副教授, 工学博士, 从事公路边坡研究

中图分类号: U416.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 3496
- HTML全文浏览量: 169
- PDF下载量: 2496
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-07-02
- 刊出日期: 2016-12-25

Water migration rule of loess subgrade with sand interlayers

1.
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
2.
School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, Jiangxi, China
3.
CCCC Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
4.
School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
5.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk 23501, Virginia, America

More Information

Author Bio:
YAN Chang-gen(1975-), male, associate professor, PhD, +86-29-62630052, yanchanggen@163.com

摘要

摘要: 以十天高速公路黄土路基为依托, 基于土水势原理提出了在路基土层放置砂夹层来减小黄土层浸水沉陷的发展, 采用室内模型试验, 在黄土路基中部与底部设置砂夹层, 模拟了路基毛细水上升、顶面渗水与边坡渗水的情况, 分析了路基含水率变化规律及其对路基整体强度和稳定性的影响, 并证实了砂夹层的减水阻渗效应。研究结果表明: 黄土路基模型初期水分迁移很快, 中、后期迁移越来越慢; 底部设置砂夹层的路基模块在地下水位上升32d内的体积含水率为24%~27%, 纯黄土路基模块的中、下部(路基顶面0.5m以下)的体积含水率约为60%, 水分最终的影响深度达到了1.2m;在纯黄土路基模块顶面渗水12d后, 体积含水率均超过了60%, 而在中部设置了砂夹层的路基模块在夹层下15cm处(路基顶面0.8m以下)的体积含水率小于40%, 在25cm处体积含水率小于30%。可见, 在压实黄土路基底部与中部设置砂夹层能够阻隔毛细水的上升和减缓水分下渗, 减小了路基内部含水率, 提高了路基的整体稳定性和强度。
- 路基工程 /
- 黄土路基 /
- 含水率 /
- 砂夹层 /
- 模型试验 /
- 水分迁移
Abstract: Based on the loess subgrade of Shitian Expressway and the principle of soil water potential, laying sand interlayer in the loess subgrade was proposed to reduce the development of collapsibility water immersion.In the indoor model test, the sand interlayers were lain in the middle and bottom of loess subgrade, the seepage of top water, the infiltration of slope water and the capillarity of underground water for loess subgrade were simulated, the variation laws of water content in loess subgrade, their influence on the strength and stability of loess subgrade were analyzed, and their effect of water resistance and leakage resistance for sand interlayers was proved.Test result shows that the migration of water is rapider in initial period and slower in the middle and later periods; under the effect of ground water, the water contents of subgrade with a sand interlayer at the bottom of subgrade are 24%-27% after 32 days, but the water contentsreach to 60%in middle and lower parts(0.5mbelow the top surface)of pure loess subgrade, and the final influence depth of water reaches 1.2m;under the seepage of top water, the water contents of all depths of pure loess subgrade are more than 60% after 12 days, while the water contents of loess subgrade with a sand interlayer in the middle are less than 40% at 15 cm under the interlayer(0.8mbelow the surface of subgrade), and the moisture content is less than 30%at 25 cm under the interlayer.Obviously, the sand interlayers lay in middle and bottom of compacted loess subgrade can cut off the capillary water and reduce water infiltration, which can decrease the inside water content and increase the whole stability and strength for loess subgrade.
- subgrade engineering /
- loess subgrade /
- water content /
- sand interlayer /
- model test /
- water migration

HTML全文

图 1 黄土和砂夹层的水分迁移特征曲线

Figure 1. Characteristic curves of water migration of loess and sand layer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 复合结构的土水势

Figure 2. Soil-water potential of multiple structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 路基中水分的迁移途径

Figure 3. Migration pathways of water in subgrade

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 路堤模型

Figure 4. Embankment model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 测管分布

Figure 5. Distribution of measuring tubes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 模块Ⅰ~Ⅲ

Figure 6. ModulesⅠ-Ⅲ

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 模块Ⅳ与Ⅴ

Figure 7. ModulesⅣandⅤ

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 测孔1含水率曲线

Figure 8. Water content curves of measuring hole 1

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 测孔2含水率曲线

Figure 9. Water content curves of measuring hole 2

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 测孔3含水率曲线

Figure 10. Water content curves of measuring hole 3

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 测孔4含水率曲线

Figure 11. Water content curves of measuring hole 4

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 测孔5含水率曲线

Figure 12. Water content curves of measuring hole 5

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 测孔6含水率曲线

Figure 13. Water content curves of measuring hole 6

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 测孔7含水率曲线

Figure 14. Water content curves of measuring hole 7

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 测孔8含水率曲线

Figure 15. Water content curves of measuring hole 8

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 测孔9含水率曲线

Figure 16. Water content curves of measuring hole 9

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 17 测孔10含水率曲线

Figure 17. Water content curves of measuring hole 10

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 18 测孔11含水率曲线

Figure 18. Water content curves of measuring hole 11

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 19 测孔12含水率曲线

Figure 19. Water content curves of measuring hole 12

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 20 测孔13含水率曲线

Figure 20. Water content curves of measuring hole 13

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 21 测孔14含水率曲线

Figure 21. Water content curves of measuring hole 14

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 22 测孔15含水率曲线(Z=10cm)

Figure 22. Water content curve of measuring hole 15(Z=10cm)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 黄土参数

Table 1. Parameters of loess

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 路基各土层的物理指标

Table 2. Physical indexes of all soil layers of subgrade

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	长安大学. 黄土的物理特性研究[R]. 西安: 长安大学, 2005. Chang'an University. Study on physical properties of loess[R]. Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2005. (in Chinese).
[2]	刘巍然, 高江平. 压实黄土路基中水分迁移的数值模拟[J]. 长安大学学报: 自然科学版, 2006, 26(4): 5-7. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAGL200604001.htm LIU Wei-ran, GAO Jiang-ping. Numerical modelling on water migration in loess subgrade[J]. Journal of Chang'an University: Natural Science Edition, 2006, 26(4): 5-7. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAGL200604001.htm
[3]	张宁宁, 骆亚生, 沙磊. 含水率对非饱和原状黄土强度的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2013, 33(5): 101-104. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STTB201305022.htm ZHANG Ning-ning, LUO Ya-sheng, SHA Lei. Effect of water content on strength of undisturbed unsaturated loess[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 33(5): 101-104. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STTB201305022.htm
[4]	刘小平. 非饱和土路基水作用机理及其迁移特性研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2008. LIU Xiao-ping. Study on the water-effects of unsaturated-soil roadbed and water-transfer characteristics in the roadbed[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2008. (in Chinese).
[5]	颜斌. 黄土路基的水分入渗规律和湿陷变形研究[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2007. YAN Bin. Study on the moisture infiltration law and collapse deformation of loess subgrade[D]. Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2007. (in Chinese).
[6]	熊冰, 胡小明. 黄土路基湿化特性的离心模型研究[J]. 四川联合大学学报: 工程科学版, 1999, 3(1): 1-4. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCLH901.000.htm XIONG Bing, HU Xiao-ming. Study on centrifugal model of loess subgrade wetting characteristics[J]. Journal of Sichuan Union University: Engineering Science Edition, 1999, 3(1): 1-4. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCLH901.000.htm
[7]	管延华, 庄培芝, 李红超, 等. 浸水粉土路基竖向稳定性模型试验研究[J]. 土木建筑与环境工程, 2013, 35(3): 12-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JIAN201303004.htm GUAN Yan-hua, ZHUANG Pei-zhi, LI Hong-chao, et al. Model test of vertical stability of silt subgrade after soaking[J]. Journal of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 2013, 35(3): 12-17. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JIAN201303004.htm
[8]	王铁行, 岳彩坤, 鲁洁, 等. 连续降雨条件下黄土路基水分场数值分析[J]. 西安建筑科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2007, 39(5): 593-597. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7930.2007.05.001 WANG Tie-xing, YUE Cai-kun, LU Jie, et al. Numerical analysis on moisture migration in loess subgrade under rainfall[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology: Natural Science Edition, 2007, 39(5): 593-597. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7930.2007.05.001
[9]	周庆科, 金峰, 王恩志, 等. 离散单元法的饱和/非饱和渗流模型及其实验验证[J]. 水力发电学报, 2003(3): 34-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1243.2003.03.006 ZHOU Qing-ke, JIN Feng, WANG En-zhi, et al. Saturated/unsaturated seepage model embedded in discontinuous element method and its experimental verification[J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Power, 2003(3): 34-39. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1243.2003.03.006
[10]	陈非. 非饱和土体渗流-变形分析研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2014. CHEN Fei. Research on the seepage and deformation of nonsaturated soil[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2014. (in Chinese).
[11]	高远. 非饱和黄土单向冻结条件下水分迁移的试验研究及数值模拟[D]. 西安: 西安建筑科技大学, 2013. GAO Yuan. Experimental research and numerical simulation on moisture migration of unsaturated loess under unidirectional freeze[D]. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 2013. (in Chinese).
[12]	周乐, 刘亚坤. 非饱和土体渗流参数研究[J]. 水利与建筑工程学报, 2014, 12(2): 145-148. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FSJS201402031.htm ZHOU Le, LIU Ya-kun. Research on seepage parameters of unsaturated soil[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, 2014, 12(2): 145-148. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FSJS201402031.htm
[13]	刘海松, 倪万魁, 杨泓全, 等. 黄土路基降雨入渗现场试验[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2008, 30(1): 60-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6561.2008.01.009 LIU Hai-song, NI Wan-kui, YANG Hong-quan, et al. Site test on infiltration of loess subgrade under rainfall circumstance[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2008, 30(1): 60-63. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6561.2008.01.009
[14]	贺芳丁, 张宏博, 刘顺友. 降雨条件下粉土路基含水量变化规律研究[J]. 治淮, 2011(4): 26-27. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9243.2011.04.012 HE Fang-ding, ZHANG Hong-bo, LIU Shun-you. Research on the change law of moisture content of silt subgrade under rainfall condition[J]. Zhihuai, 2011(4): 26-27. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9243.2011.04.012
[15]	宋修广. 黄河冲积平原区粉土路基吸水特性及强度衰减规律试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2010, 32(10): 1594-1602. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC201010021.htm SONG Xiu-guang. Hydrophilic characteristics and strength decay of silt roadbed in Yellow River alluvial plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(10): 1594-1602. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC201010021.htm
[16]	柳利霞. 高速公路路基水破坏原理与计算分析[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2005. LIU Li-xia. The calculation and analysis about moisture damage in roadbed of highway[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2005. (in Chinese).
[17]	李伟. 豫东黄泛区粉砂土路基毛细水作用及控制技术研究[D]. 郑州: 河南大学, 2013. LI Wei. Study on capillary water action and control technology of silt soil foundation of the Yellow River flood field in east of Henan[D]. Zhengzhou: Henan University, 2013. (in Chinese).
[18]	王文焰, 张建丰, 汪志荣. 黄土中砂层对入渗特性的影响[J]. 岩土工程学报, 1995, 17(5): 33-41. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC505.005.htm WANG Wen-yan, ZHANG Jian-feng, WANG Zhi-rong. Influence of sand layer in loess on infiltration characteristics[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1995, 17(5): 33-41. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC505.005.htm
[19]	杨雪茹, 毕胜强. 高速公路湿陷性黄土路基的压实技术[J]. 筑路机械与施工机械化, 2011, 28(7): 47-49. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLJX201107029.htm YANG Xue-ru, BI Sheng-qiang. Compaction technology for collapsible loess subgrade of expressway[J]. Road Machinery and Construction Mechanization, 2011, 28(7): 47-49. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLJX201107029.htm
[20]	FREDLUND D G, HASAN J U. One-dimensional consolidation theory: unsaturated soils[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1979, 16(3): 521-531.
[21]	FREDLUND D G, XING A Q, HUANG Shang-yan. Predicting the permeability function for unsaturated soils using the soil-water characteristic curve[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1994, 31(3): 533-546.
[22]	TOPP G C, MILLER E E. Hysteretic moisture characteristics and hydraulic conductivities for glass-bead media[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1966, 30(2): 156-162.
[23]	汪志荣, 王文焰. 砂夹层的阻水减渗机制及合理埋深[J]. 西安理工大学学报, 2000, 16(2): 170-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XALD200002013.htm WANG Zhi-rong, WANG Wen-yan. The physical mechanism and depreciation and rational burying depth of sand layer in loess[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Technology, 2000, 16(2): 170-174. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XALD200002013.htm
[24]	王文焰, 王全九, 沈冰, 等. 甘肃秦王川地区双层土壤结构的入渗特性[J]. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1998, 4(2): 36-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQS802.005.htm WANG Wen-yan, WANG Quan-jiu, SHEN Bing, et al. Infiltration characteristics of soil with double-layer structure in Qinwangchuan Area of Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Soil Erosion and Water Conservation, 1998, 4(2): 36-40. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQS802.005.htm
[25]	张建丰, 王文焰, 杨志威, 等. 西北黄土窑洞减渗防塌措施的研究[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 1997, 2(增): 88-91. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX1997S1016.htm ZHANG Jian-feng, WANG Wen-yan, YANG Zhi-wei, et al. The soil physics method of percolation decrease to protect loess cave from collapse[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 1997, 2(S): 88-91. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX1997S1016.htm
[26]	王文焰, 张建丰. 窑洞民居减渗防塌对策的研究[J]. 灾害学, 1992, 7(2): 94-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHXU199202022.htm WANG Wen-yan, ZHANG Jian-feng. Research on countermeasures of the permeation reduction and cave in protection of cave dwelling[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 1992, 7(2): 94-96. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHXU199202022.htm
[27]	杨志威. 黄土窑洞构造防水技术的工程试验研究[J]. 灾害学, 1997, 12(2): 77-81. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHXU199702017.htm YANG Zhi-wei. Research on engineering test of loess cave waterproof technique[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 1997, 12(2): 77-81. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHXU199702017.htm
[28]	王文焰, 张建丰, 汪志荣, 等. 砂层在黄土中的减渗作用及其计算[J]. 水利学报, 2005, 36(6): 650-655. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLXB200506002.htm WANG Wen-yan, ZHANG Jian-feng, WANG Zhi-rong, et al. Infiltration reduction effect of sand layer in loess[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2005, 36(6): 650-655. (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLXB200506002.htm