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高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法

王璞 曾瑞东 王树国

王璞, 曾瑞东, 王树国. 高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2022, 22(2): 87-98. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.02.006
引用本文: 王璞, 曾瑞东, 王树国. 高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2022, 22(2): 87-98. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.02.006
WANG Pu, ZENG Rui-dong, WANG Shu-guo. Control method for insufficient displacement of switch rail in high-speed railway turnout[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2022, 22(2): 87-98. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.02.006
Citation: WANG Pu, ZENG Rui-dong, WANG Shu-guo. Control method for insufficient displacement of switch rail in high-speed railway turnout[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2022, 22(2): 87-98. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.02.006

高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.02.006
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 51878661

国家自然科学基金项目 51808557

详细信息
    作者简介:

    王璞(1988-),男,河北沧州人,中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司副研究员,工学博士,从事铁路道岔理论与试验研究

    曾瑞东:ZENG Rui-dong(1994-), male, engineer, zrd2016@yeah.net

    通讯作者:

    曾瑞东(1994-),男,浙江温州人,杭州铁路设计院有限责任公司工程师

  • 中图分类号: U213.6

Control method for insufficient displacement of switch rail in high-speed railway turnout

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51878661

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51808557

More Information
  • 摘要: 为模拟运营条件下高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换过程,根据高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换特点,在道岔生产车间内建立了客专线18号道岔转辙器转换原型试验平台,采用轴销式称重传感器测量转辙器扳动力,以直、曲尖轨支距实际值与理论值之差为尖轨不足位移;通过转辙器转换试验探索了尖轨预弯、尖轨可动段长度、尖轨固定端扣件支距、滑床板摩擦因数、辊轮高度等因素对尖轨不足位移的影响机制和特征。试验结果表明:现有设计尖轨预弯可使尖轨不足位移下降30%以上;缩短尖轨可动段长度可减小尖轨不足位移,但同时会减小转辙器最小轮缘槽宽,并增大第3牵引点扳动力,尖轨最小轮缘槽宽和最后一个牵引点扳动力是缩短尖轨可动段长度的控制因素;小范围调整固定端所有扣件支距后,尖轨不足位移变化较小,仅减小固定端第1组扣件支距时,尖轨靠近固定端1.2 m范围内不足位移略有降低,其余部分不足位移变化较小;在滑床板上安装辊轮或涂覆润滑剂等减小尖轨与滑床板摩擦因数的措施可有效降低尖轨扳动力和不足位移,实施减摩措施后,扳动力减幅约为30%,不足位移减幅超过20%;改变辊轮高度对尖轨不足位移的影响并不明显,但辊轮高度不宜过低,以防转换过程中辊轮失效导致扳动力和不足位移激增。研究结果可为高速铁路道岔转辙器结构优化和新一代400 km·h-1高速铁路道岔的研发提供参考。

     

  • 图  1  转辙器结构示意

    Figure  1.  Structural schematic of switch

    图  2  转换设备结构示意

    Figure  2.  Structural schematic of switching equipment

    图  3  试验设备

    Figure  3.  Experimental equipment

    图  4  尖轨顶弯

    Figure  4.  Bending of switch rail

    图  5  F卡设置方法

    Figure  5.  Installation method of F restrainer

    图  6  不同尺寸轨距块

    Figure  6.  Gauge blocks with different sizes

    图  7  辊轮

    Figure  7.  Roller

    图  8  滑床板涂覆润滑剂

    Figure  8.  Lubricant coating on slide plate

    图  9  预弯前后尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  9.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail before and after pre-bending

    图  10  预弯前后扳动力变化规律

    Figure  10.  Change laws of switching forces before and after pre-bending

    图  11  不同可动段长度下尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  11.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail under different movable section lengths

    图  12  不同可动段长度下最小轮缘槽宽变化规律

    Figure  12.  Change laws of minimum wheel flangeway widths under different movable section lengths

    图  13  不同可动段长度条件下扳动力变化规律

    Figure  13.  Change laws of switching forces under different movable section lengths

    图  14  全部扣件支距调整后尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  14.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail after offset distance adjustment of all fasteners

    图  15  第1组扣件支距调整后尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  15.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail after offset distance adjustment of first group of fasteners

    图  16  有无辊轮条件下尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  16.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail with or without roller

    图  17  有无辊轮条件下扳动力变化规律

    Figure  17.  Change laws of switching forces with or without roller

    图  18  有无润滑剂条件下尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  18.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail with or without lubricant

    图  19  有无润滑剂条件下各牵引点扳动力变化规律

    Figure  19.  Change laws of switching forces of different traction points with or without lubricant

    图  20  不同辊轮高度条件下尖轨不足位移分布特性

    Figure  20.  Distribution characteristics of insufficient displacements of switch rail under different roller heights

    表  1  预弯前后尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  1.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail before and after pre-bending  mm

    工况 无预弯 预弯
    直尖轨 最大值 3.0 2.0
    均值 2.1 1.3
    曲尖轨 最大值 4.5 3.1
    均值 2.8 2.1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同可动段长度条件下尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  2.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail under different movable section lengths

    工况 +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2
    可动段长度/m 16.945 17.545 18.145 18.745 19.345 19.945
    直尖轨不足位移/mm 峰值 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.9
    均值 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.8
    曲尖轨不足位移/mm 峰值 1.6 2.1 3.4 3.6 4.0 4.6
    均值 1.1 1.3 2.1 2.6 2.4 3.1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  全部扣件支距调整后尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  3.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail after offset distance adjustment of all fasteners  mm

    工况 设计值减小1 mm 设计值 设计值增加1 mm
    直尖轨不足位移 最大值 3.6 3.5 3.8
    均值 2.5 2.8 2.8
    曲尖轨不足位移 最大值 4.8 4.9 5.0
    均值 3.2 3.0 3.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  第1组扣件支距调整后尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  4.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail after offset distance adjustment of first group of fasteners  mm

    工况 设计值减小1 mm 设计值
    直尖轨不足位移 最大值 2.6 2.6
    均值 1.9 2.0
    曲尖轨不足位移 最大值 4.3 4.4
    均值 2.7 2.9
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  有无辊轮条件下尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  5.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail with or without roller  mm

    工况 有辊轮 无辊轮
    直尖轨不足位移 最大值 2.3 3.1
    均值 1.7 2.4
    曲尖轨不足位移 最大值 3.7 4.7
    均值 2.6 3.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  有无润滑剂条件下尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  6.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail with or without lubricant  mm

    工况 涂覆润滑剂 未涂润滑剂
    直尖轨不足位移 最大值 3.7 5.2
    均值 2.8 3.9
    曲尖轨不足位移 最大值 4.4 5.7
    均值 2.8 3.8
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  不同辊轮高度条件下尖轨不足位移变化规律

    Table  7.   Change laws of insufficient displacements of switch rail under different roller heights

    工况 靠近基本轨侧辊轮高度/远离基本轨侧辊轮高度/mm
    1.5/1.5 1.5/3.0 1.5/4.0 4.0/4.0
    直尖轨不足位移 最大值 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7
    均值 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1
    曲尖轨不足位移 最大值 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.1
    均值 2.9 3.1 3.1 2.8
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-10-20
  • 刊出日期:  2022-04-25

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