Test on interaction of semi-integral abutment and soil based on displacement effect of medium-long-term ambient temperature
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摘要: 为研究环境温度作用对半整体桥台与台后土之间相互作用机理的影响，以简化半整体桥台-土结构模型为研究对象，进行了基于位移的环境温度作用下半整体桥台-土相互作用拟静力试验。研究结果表明：半整体桥台的滞回曲线随季节性温度变化而变化，季节性升温和降温转化段对桥台-土相互作用的影响非常显著，而持续增加或减小段对其影响较小；一年中的第1个升温段对桥台-土相互作用影响更大，随着几个季度的温度加载，台后土逐渐被压实，土压力变化趋于稳定，增加趋势减缓；不同季节昼夜温度变化对桥台-土相互作用的影响不同，夏季白天升温对桥台-土相互作用的影响小，而夜晚降温的影响大，冬季则反之；随着季节性温度的逐渐升高，桥台-土相互作用滞回曲线由凹形向凸形发展，呈现出更加饱满的梭形；中长期环境温度对台-土相互作用影响较大，经过一整年的温度作用后，台后土压力显著增大，产生棘轮效应；桥台转角与加载位移存在较大相关性，随着循环次序的增加，桥台转角先逐渐增大后趋于稳定；在中长期环境温度作用下，半整体桥台逐渐表现出往台后方向偏转的趋势；昼夜温度变化对桥台转角的影响不可忽视，在相同加载位移下，考虑季节性温度和昼夜温度叠加作用情况的桥台转角试验结果比仅考虑季节性温度作用时增大了94%。Abstract: To study the influence of ambient temperature effect on the interaction mechanism between a semi-integral abutment and soil behind the abutment, a simplified model of the semi-integral abutment-soil structure was taken as the research object to carry out a displacement-based quasi-static test on the semi-integral abutment-soil interaction under the action of ambient temperature. Research results show that the hysteresis curve of the semi-integral abutment varies as the seasonal temperature changes. The seasonal warming and cooling transformation sections have a highly significant effect on the abutment-soil interaction, while the continuously increasing or decreasing sections have less effect on it. The first warming period of a year has a greater impact on the abutment-soil interaction. With several quarters of temperature loading, the soil behind the abutment is gradually compacted. The earth pressure variation tends to be stable, and the increasing trend slows down. The effect of day-night temperature change on the abutment-soil interaction varies from season to season, with daytime warming in summer having a small effect on the abutment-soil interaction while nighttime cooling having a large effect, and vice versa in winter. With the gradual increase in the seasonal temperature, the hysteresis curve of the abutment-soil interaction develops from concave to convex, showing a fuller shuttle shape. The medium-long-term ambient temperature has a large effect on the abutment-soil interaction. After a full year of temperature action, the earth pressure behind the abutment increases significantly, which produces the ratcheting effect. There is a large correlation between the abutment rotation angle and the loading displacement. With the increase in the number of cycles, the abutment rotation angle first gradually increases and then tends to level off. Under the action of medium-long-term ambient temperature, the semi-integral abutment gradually presents the trend of deflection in its rear direction. The effect of day-night temperature change on the abutment rotation angle cannot be ignored. Under the same loading displacement, the test results of the abutment rotation angle considering the superimposed effect of seasonal temperature and day-night temperature are 94% higher than those when only the seasonal temperature effect is taken into account.
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图 4 位移计与倾角仪布置(单位：mm)
Figure 4. Arrangements of displacement meters and inclinometers (unit: mm)
图 9 季节性温度作用下荷载-位移关系曲线
Figure 9. Relationship curves of load-displacement under effect of seasonal temperature
图 10 各季度第1中周期昼夜温度作用下试件荷载-位移滞回曲线
Figure 10. Hysteresis curves of load-displacement of specimen under effect of day-nitht temperature in first mid-cycle of each quarter
图 11 各季度第1中周期季节与昼夜温度作用下试件的滞回曲线
Figure 11. Hysteresis curves of specimen under effects of seasonal and day-night temperature in first mid-cycle of each quarter
图 12 各季度滞回曲线与骨架曲线
Figure 12. Hysteresis curves and skeleton curves of different quarters
图 17 不同温度变化时桥台转角对比
Figure 17. Comparison of abutment rotation angles under different temperature changes
表 1 砂土的物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of sand
参数名称 含水率/% 密度/(g·cm3) 孔隙比 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°) 参数值 1.3 1.52 0.80 0 35 
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