Regional difference in temperature gradient of concrete single-box multi-cell box girder
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摘要:
为确定不同地区混凝土单箱多室箱梁日照温差代表值，在西藏山南、陕西铜川与广西来宾分别建立了室外日照温度场试验模型，同时安装了大量温度传感器与气象采集器，通过现场实测数据总结了山南、铜川和来宾气象差异性；通过长期箱梁测试温度与逐时气象数据的逐步回归，提出了山南、铜川和来宾箱梁温差计算公式；调研了西藏6个地级市、陕西10个地级市和广西14个地级市1955—2016年的气象数据，并将气象日值数据分解为逐时气象数据用于温差计算，基于超阈值分布模型得到了3个地区重现期为50年的温度作用代表值，并绘制了温度作用分布地图。研究结果表明：箱梁模型实测的向阳侧边腹板竖向温差、中腹板竖向温差、顶板横向温差与底板横向温差从高到低依次为山南、铜川和来宾，说明受地理位置影响，中国不同地区的箱梁竖向温差和横向温差具有差异性；混凝土箱梁顶板向阳侧横向温差均高于底板，山南、铜川和来宾箱梁顶板向阳侧横向温差比底板分别高30.7%、23.2%和11.1%；西藏、陕西和广西的中腹板竖向温差地域差异性最大可达10.5 ℃，顶板横向温差地域差异性最大可达20.3 ℃，说明混凝土桥梁的日照作用具有明显的地域差异性。
Abstract:In order to determine the representative values of sunshine temperature differences of concrete single-box multi-cell box girders in different regions, outdoor sunshine temperature field test models were established in Shannan of Xizang, Tongchuan of Shaanxi and Laibin of Guangxi, respectively, and a large number of temperature sensors and meteorological collectors were installed at the same time. The meteorological variability in Shannan, Tongchuan and Laibin was summarized through the on-site measured data, and the formulae for calculating the temperature difference among box girders in Shannan, Tongchuan and Laibin were proposed through the step-by-step regression of the long-term box girder test temperature and the hour-by-hour meteorological data. The meteorological data from 1955 to 2016 in 6 prefecture-level cities in Xizang, 10 prefecture-level cities in Shaanxi, and 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi were surveyed, and the daily meteorological data were decomposed into hour-by-hour meteorological data for the calculation of the temperature difference. Based on the suprathreshold distribution model, the representative values of the temperature action in three provinces with a reproduction period of 50 years were obtained, and the temperature action distribution maps were drawn. Research results show that the measured vertical temperature difference of sunny side web, vertical temperature difference of middle web, lateral temperature difference of top plate and lateral temperature difference of bottom plate of the box girder model are in descending order from Shannan, Tongchuan to Laibin, which shows that both the vertical and lateral temperature differences of box girders in different regions of China are differentiated by the influence of geographic location. The lateral temperature difference of the top plate of the concrete box girder in the sunny side is higher than that of the bottom plate, specifically by 30.7%, 23.2% and 11.1% in Shannan, Tongchuan and Laibin, respectively. The vertical temperature difference of the middle web can reach up to 10.5 ℃ and the lateral temperature difference of the top plate can reach up to 20.3 ℃ in Xizang, Shaanxi and Guangxi, showing that the sunshine effect on concrete bridge varies significantly by region.
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图 8 实测最大竖向温差分布
Figure 8. Distributions of measured maximum vertical temperature difference
图 10 实测最大横向温差分布
Figure 10. Distributions of measured maximum lateral temperature difference
图 19 梁高对腹板竖向温差的影响
Figure 19. Effects of beam heights on web's vertical temperature differences
图 20 板宽对顶板、底板横向温差的影响
Figure 20. Effects of plate widths on top plate's and bottom plate's lateral temperature differences
图 22 不同箱梁形式竖向温差差异性
Figure 22. Differences in vertical temperature difference between different box girder forms
图 23 顶板、底板横向测点拟合R2
Figure 23. Lateral measuring points fit R2 of top plate and bottom plate
图 25 Tsw1实测温差和预测温差对比
Figure 25. Comparisons between measured and predicted temperature differences of Tsw1
图 26 Tmw1实测温差和预测温差对比
Figure 26. Comparisons between measured and predicted temperature differences of Tmw1
图 27 Tt1实测温差和预测温差对比
Figure 27. Comparisons between measured and predicted temperature differences of Tt1
图 28 Tb1实测温差和预测温差对比
Figure 28. Comparisons between measured and predicted temperature differences of Tb1
表 1 实际桥梁和缩尺模型实测温差对比
Table 1. Comparison of measured temperature differences between actual bridge and scaled-down model
℃ 截面温差 陕西 广西 铜川模型 王家河特大桥 偏差 来宾模型 培森柳江特大桥 偏差 Tsw1 10.9 11.6 -0.7 9.4 9.2 0.2 Tmw1 12.2 12.0 0.2 8.8 8.3 0.5 Tt1 18.5 18.1 0.4 10.8 11.5 -1.3 Tb1 14.2 12.7 1.5 9.6 8.8 0.8 
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表 2 不同地区温差计算公式待定系数
Table 2. Undetermined coefficients of temperature difference calculating formulas of different regions
截面温差 地区 待定系数 p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 Tsw1 山南 -3.295 8 0.152 6 0.008 7 0.396 9 -0.039 9 铜川 -3.712 6 0.155 6 0.006 5 1.590 3 -0.083 4 来宾 -2.594 0 0.100 2 0.008 1 0.007 2 -0.585 4 Tmw1 山南 -2.196 0 0.136 9 0.009 3 0.158 7 -0.006 2 铜川 -3.354 1 0.103 0 0.005 2 1.155 9 0.163 2 来宾 -3.317 0 0.137 7 0.006 7 -1.070 8 0.072 3 Tt1 山南 2.748 8 0.029 0 0.019 8 -0.124 3 -0.035 0 铜川 -1.983 9 0.006 2 0.008 4 0.944 9 0.288 8 来宾 -0.929 5 0.045 1 0.003 5 -1.139 8 0.261 9 Tb1 山南 -1.632 9 0.096 0 0.008 5 0.089 0 0.027 5 铜川 -3.128 5 0.024 3 0.006 7 2.131 2 0.013 7 来宾 -1.022 9 0.078 7 0.008 3 -0.206 6 -0.004 1
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表 3 箱梁温差GP分布模型参数估计值和50年一遇温差代表值
Table 3. Estimated parameters of box girder temperature difference GP distribution model and representative values of 1-in-50-year temperature difference
截面温差 地区 GP分布模型参数估计值 50年一遇温差代表值/℃ k σ u Tsw1 拉萨 -0.142 1 0.371 0 11.446 13.07 西安 -0.153 4 0.671 4 10.077 12.92 南宁 -0.323 4 0.628 6 10.198 11.93 Tmw1 拉萨 -0.157 6 0.372 5 12.596 14.15 西安 -0.103 9 1.064 8 8.605 13.81 南宁 -0.269 8 0.645 7 10.107 12.12 Tt1 拉萨 -0.199 6 0.503 1 25.008 26.88 西安 -0.244 9 1.404 6 11.836 16.49 南宁 -0.097 9 0.374 0 7.698 9.56 Tb1 拉萨 -0.131 2 0.398 5 14.979 16.77 西安 -0.101 2 1.056 3 11.374 16.58 南宁 -0.302 4 0.446 7 10.349 11.64
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