Volume 26 Issue 1
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ZHANG Gang, DING Yu-hang, XIONG Xin, ZHAO Xiao-cui, LU Ze-lei, WANG Shi-chao, HOU Xu. Research review on fire resistance of highway and railway steel truss bridge[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2026, 26(1): 31-45. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.01.002
Citation: ZHANG Gang, DING Yu-hang, XIONG Xin, ZHAO Xiao-cui, LU Ze-lei, WANG Shi-chao, HOU Xu. Research review on fire resistance of highway and railway steel truss bridge[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2026, 26(1): 31-45. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.01.002
shu

Research review on fire resistance of highway and railway steel truss bridge

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.01.002
  • 1.

    School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China

  • 2.

    CCCC First Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52378476

Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province 2022JC-23

Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province 2023-CX-TD-38

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD 300102214903

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD 300102215711

More Information
  • Corresponding author: ZHANG Gang, professor, PhD, E-mail: zhangg_2004@126.com
  • Received Date: 2025-03-25
  • Accepted Date: 2025-08-25
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-07-21
  • Publish Date: 2026-01-28
    Abstract
  • To enhance fire resistance and performance of highway and railway steel truss bridges (also known as a low-carbon bridge) under the combined effects of structural and vehicle loads and extend their full-service life, existing literature was reviewed to examine the trend of bridge fire incidents, and collect bridge fire data and compile statistics on bridge fires, analyze the characteristics of fire incidents of steel truss bridges, and summarize the various causes of such accidents both domestically and internationally. Distinct fire scenarios for highway and railway steel truss bridges were identified. The characteristics of the surface temperature and section temperature rise of the highway and railway steel truss bridges were summarized. A comparative analysis was conducted on the thermal-structural coupling nonlinear analysis methods for bridges under fire exposure conditions. The fire induced failure modes of the highway and railway steel truss bridges were explored, as well as the matters that need to be considered in the fire resistance design methods. Research results show that bridge fire incidents have shown an increasing trend in recent years, and steel truss bridges exposed to severe fire are prone to rapid and progressive collapse. Fire scenarios, load arrangements, member heating, and failure modes in highway and railway steel truss bridges are significantly influenced by their geometric configurations. The lower semi-enclosed space truss structure exhibits series-parallel thermal radiation pathways between members, while the temperature rise of chord members presents heat transfer characteristics of thin-walled and multi-chamber cavity radiation. Key challenges in fire resistance analysis and design include modeling connection between members, buckling failures of components, and time-varying boundary conditions of the structure. Critical issues persist in the fire-exposed highway and railway steel truss bridges concerning scenario reconstruction, rapid assessment, resilience enhancement, and firefighting and rescue. These demands require in-depth research to provide new analytical perspectives and guidance for advancing fire resistance studies and design of such bridges.

     

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