连续刚构桥技术演变和跨径突破

吴明远; 刘永健

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.313

连续刚构桥技术演变和跨径突破

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.313

吴明远^1,,
刘永健^2, ,

1.
中交公路规划设计院有限公司，北京 100088
2.
长安大学公路学院，陕西西安 710064

详细信息

作者简介:
吴明远(1969-)，男，吉林通化人，正高级工程师，E-mail：522389732@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘永健(1966-)，男，江西玉山人，教授，博士生导师，工学博士，E-mail：liuyongjian@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: U442.51
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- 文章访问数: 29
- HTML全文浏览量: 32
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-27
- 录用日期: 2026-05-27
- 修回日期: 2026-04-10
- 刊出日期: 2026-06-28

Technological evolution and span breakthrough of continuous rigid-frame bridges

WU Ming-yuan^1
,,
LIU Yong-jian^{2
, ,}

1.
China Communications Highway Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
2.
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Yong-jian, professor, PhD, E-mail: liuyongjian@chd.edu.cn

Article Text (Baidu Translation)

摘要

摘要: 为系统剖析连续刚构桥跨径突破的技术逻辑，破解大跨径工况下梁体长期下挠与开裂等行业难题，完善该类桥型的设计方法，统计了多座典型连续刚构桥工程实例，以跨径突破为主线，结合理论公式推导与有限元数值模拟，分析了各阶段关键技术的演变、力学机理与工程适配性；依托套尔河特大桥、桂江特大桥等实际工程，验证了混合梁连续刚构体系、腹板斜向结合段构造及双悬臂施工技术的实用价值。分析结果表明：连续刚构桥的技术发展可划分为基础理论完善、轻量化探索、双悬臂施工技术优化3个阶段；预应力混凝土连续刚构桥受跨中长期下挠与梁体开裂的制约，其合理跨径上限约为300 m；混合梁连续刚构桥早期受制于钢梁整跨吊装施工方法及结合段设于主跨1/3处的设计原则，极限跨径约为375 m；而腹板斜向结合段构造可显著改善高应力区的传力性能，在全跨范围内灵活布置，配合钢梁悬臂拼装施工，可使跨径理论上达到500 m级的水平；连续刚构桥方案在200~400 m跨径范围内展现出更强的综合竞争力。研究厘清了连续刚构桥跨径突破的内在技术逻辑，可为大跨径连续刚构桥的设计优化、工程应用及未来向500 m级跨径的突破提供理论参考与实践支撑。
- 桥梁工程 /
- 刚构桥 /
- 综述 /
- 混合梁 /
- 跨径突破 /
- 结合段 /
- 结构体系创新
Abstract: To systematically analyze the technical logic behind span breakthrough in continuous rigid-frame bridges (CRFBs), address industry challenges such as long-term deflection and cracking of girders under long-span conditions, and improve the design method of such bridges, engineering cases from multiple typical CRFBs were compiled. With span breakthroughs as the core thread, the theoretical formula derivations were integrated with finite element simulations to analyze the evolution patterns, mechanical mechanisms, and engineering adaptability of key technologies across various stages. The practical value of the hybrid girder continuous rigid-frame system, inclined web steel-concrete connection section, and double-cantilever construction technology was verified based on practical projects including the Tao'er River Grand Bridge and Guijiang Grand Bridge. Analysis results reveal that, the technical development of CRFBs can be categorized into three stages: Foundational theory refinement, lightweight optimization, and double-cantilever construction advancement. For prestressed concrete CRFBs, the reasonable upper limit of the span is constrained to approximately 300 m due to long-term mid-span deflection and girder cracking. Early hybrid girder CRFBs are restricted by the full-span steel girder hoisting method and the design principle of locating the connection section at one-third of the main span, resulting in an ultimate span limit of approximately 375 m. The inclined web steel-concrete connection section significantly enhances force transfer performance in high-stress zones and offers flexible placement along the full span. When combined with cantilever assembly of steel girders, this structural configuration theoretically enables a span capacity of 500 m class. Furthermore, the CRFB scheme demonstrates superior comprehensive competitiveness within the 200 - 400 m span range. This study elucidates the inherent technical logic governing span breakthrough in CRFBs, providing a theoretical reference and practical support for design optimization, engineering applications, and the future technical breakthrough toward 500-meter-class CRFBs.
- bridge engineering /
- rigid-frame bridge /
- review /
- hybrid girder /
- span breakthrough /
- connection section /
- structural system innovation

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图 1 国内外刚构桥部分统计

Figure 1. Partial statistics of Chinese and foreign rigid-frame bridges

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图 2 本多夫桥

Figure 2. Bendorf Bridge

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图 3 内力分布

Figure 3. Internal force distribution

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图 4 施工阶段跨中悬臂梁

Figure 4. Mid-span cantilever girder during construction stage

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图 5 上部结构轻型化

Figure 5. Light weight of the superstructure

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图 6 混合梁与混凝土梁受力对比

Figure 6. Mechanical comparison between hybrid girder and concrete girder

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图 7 山东套尔河特大桥(单位: cm)

Figure 7. Shandong Tao'er River Grand Bridge (unit: cm)

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图 8 山东套尔河特大桥施工现场

Figure 8. Construction site of Shandong Tao'er River Grand Bridge

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图 9 广西桂江特大桥(单位: cm)

Figure 9. Guangxi Guijiang Grand Bridge (unit: cm)

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图 10 不同施工模式受力对比

Figure 10. Mechanical comparison between different construction modes

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图 11 整体等效法力学原理

Figure 11. Mechanical principle of global equivalent method

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图 12 常规截面连接承压传剪式构造

Figure 12. Bearing shear transfer structure for conventional section connection

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图 13 斜向结合

Figure 13. Inclined connection

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图 14 混凝土应力计算结果(单位: MPa)

Figure 14. Calculation results of concrete stress (unit: MPa)

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图 15 钢梁应力计算结果(单位: MPa)

Figure 15. Calculation results of steel girder stress (unit: MPa)

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图 16 腹板分区计算方法

Figure 16. Calculation method for web partitioning

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图 17 中国规范关于腹板加劲肋

Figure 17. Web stiffeners according to Chinese code

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图 18 高腹板加劲肋延伸至受拉区

Figure 18. High web stiffeners extending into the tension zone

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图 19 连续刚构桥跨径延伸

Figure 19. Span extension of continuous rigid-frame bridge

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表 1 部分典型刚构桥概况

Table 1. Overview of some typical rigid-frame bridges

序号	桥名	年份	跨径组合/m	结构形式	技术贡献	阶段瓶颈
1	德国沃姆斯桥(Worms Bridge)	1952	114.2	预应力混凝土T形刚构	首创悬臂拼装法，开创T形刚构体系	基础理论
2	德国本多夫桥(Bendorf Bridge)	1964	208(主跨)	预应力混凝土带铰T形刚构	形成带铰接的T形刚构体系，推动跨径迈向200 m级
3	澳大利亚门道桥(Gateway Bridge)	1985	145+260+145	预应力混凝土连续刚构	创新设置钢箱连接装置，优化次内力控制
4	广东番禺洛溪大桥	1988	65+125+180+ 110	预应力混凝土连续刚构	中国首座大跨连续刚构桥，开启中国技术发展序幕
5	虎门大桥辅航道桥	1997	150+270+150	预应力混凝土连续刚构	简化配束理念，推动跨径接近300 m级
6	挪威斯特罗曼大桥(Stolma Bridge)	1998	94+301+72	预应力混凝土连续刚构	应用轻质混凝土，创下纯混凝土刚构桥跨径纪录(301 m)	轻量化
7	拉托圣德大桥(Raftsundet Bridge)	1999	86+202+298+ 125	预应力混凝土连续刚构	采用轻质混凝土，跨径达到298 m
8	重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥	2006	87.75+4×138+ 330+133.75	混合梁连续刚构	中国首座大跨混合梁刚构桥，突破300 m跨径限制
9	山东套尔河特大桥	2025	128+338+128	混合梁连续刚构	创新结合段构造，刷新世界跨径纪录
10	广西桂江特大桥	在建	80+380+80	混合梁连续刚构	采用中跨全钢梁设计，推动跨径迈向400m级	双悬臂施工技术

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表 2 部分连续刚构桥主跨下挠概况

Table 2. Overview of mid-span deflection of some continuous rigid-frame bridges

序号	桥名	跨径组合/m	跨中下挠/cm	挠跨比
1	黄石大桥^[43]	162.5+3×245+ 162.5	30.5	1/803
2	鹦鹉渡口桥^[44]	99+195+99	63.5	1/307
3	东明黄河大桥^[45]	75+7×120+75	14.6	1/821
4	江津长江大桥^[46]	140+240+140	31.7	1/757
5	广东南海金沙大桥^[47]	66+120+66	23.0	1/545
6	虎门大桥辅航道桥^[48]	150+270+150	22.2	1/1 216
7	三门峡黄河公路大桥^[49]	105+4×140+105	22.0	1/636

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表 3 中国混合梁连续刚构桥案例

Table 3. Cases of Chinese hybrid girder continuous rigid-frame bridges

桥梁名称	跨径组合/m	L/m	钢箱长度l₁/m	l₁/L
重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥^[57]	87.75+4×138+330+133.75	330	103	0.312
温州瓯江大桥^[58]	84+200+84	200	80	0.400
安海湾大桥^[59]	135+300+135	300	103	0.343
舟山舟岱大桥^[60]	125+260+125	260	85	0.327
广东中山小榄水道桥^[61]	98+220+98	220	87	0.395

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表 4 拟定梁高与边跨跨度

Table 4. Proposed girder heights and side span lengths

混凝土梁伸入中跨长度/m	钢梁长度/ m	ξ	钢/混凝土梁重度	混凝土梁贡献中支点弯矩/(N·m)	钢梁贡献中支点弯矩/(N·m)	中支点弯矩/ (N·m)	等效混凝土梁跨径/m	梁高/ m	边跨跨度/ m
110	160	0.421	0.333	-1 882	-2 384	-7 266	295	23	147
65	250	0.658		-1 872	-3 387	-5 259	251	20	117
30	320	0.842		-426	-3 869	-4 295	227	18	94
10	360	0.947		-49	-3 995	-4 044	220	17	80
-30	440	1.158			-4 011	-4 011	219	17	94

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表 5 部分桥梁经济性比选方案

Table 5. Economic comparison alternatives for selected bridges

桥梁	方案	主跨/m	桥梁全长/m	经济性/亿元	备注
叶岸山特大桥	预应力混凝土V形腿墩连续刚构桥	195.0	491.0	1.38	主跨300 m以下
叶岸山特大桥	中承式钢管混凝土拱桥	224.4	382.4	1.41
岳阳洞庭湖大桥	三塔斜拉桥	310.0	1 880.0	5.43
	系杆拱配斜拉桥	300.0	1 880.0	5.37
	连续刚构桥	280.0	1 880.0	5.54
黑河特大桥	三主跨矮塔斜拉桥	200.0	824.0	4.58
	三主跨连续刚构桥	185.0	751.0	4.36
	单主跨叠合梁斜拉桥	430.0	816.0	5.88
临猗黄河大桥	PC连续刚构桥	168.0	5 461.0	20.61
	板桁组合梁桥	128.0	5 431.0	25.68
	钢箱组合梁桥	128.0	5 431.0	23.08
	工字钢组合梁独塔斜拉桥	128.0	5 449.0	27.18
山东套尔河特大桥	混合梁连续刚构桥	338.0	594.0	3.04	主跨300 m以上
	混凝土斜拉桥	338.0	694.0	3.40
	飞燕式拱桥	386.0	554.0	4.40
广西桂江特大桥	组合梁斜拉桥	380.0	736.0	5.74
广西桂江特大桥	混合梁连续钢构桥	380.0	736.0	4.86

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