交通运输工程学报

Asphalt pavement stability at high-temperature for the Jiangyin bridge in China

DENG Xue-jun

Abstract: Jiangyin Bridge with a main span of 1385 m, located at the lower reaches of Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, is a broad way across river of two national expressways (Tong Jiang to Sanya; Beijing to Shanghai). According to the natural environment, the asphalt deck pavement of bridge should bear serious heavy traffic loads and bad weather condition without any damage in the working temperature -14℃ to +70℃. Therefore, Guss Asphalt 50 mm of depth, the British pavement technique is adopted and the lake asphalt (TLA) from Trinidad and Tobago, South America is used as asphalt cement, the basalt from China is used as coarse aggregates.Guss asphalt pavement mixture made by rule of British Standard has more excellences, such as better waterproof quality, smaller void ratio, perfect anti fatigue quality and anti brittle fracture at low temperature. But the high temperature stability of the mixture is not so ideal, even if the mixture is made by rule of the extra heavy traffic class H of British Standard, the stability of anti rut is not satisfied with Chinese Standard about expressway asphalt pavement. The main reason is the difference of geographical location between China and England. Four important measures are adopted in research work: ①revise the ratio of mixture, raise the content of TLA; ②reduce the content of soluble asphalt; ③increase the content of main aggregate (6.0 mm~10.0 mm); ④guarantee the ratio of fine dust to asphalt cement.By testing whole indexes of mixture in laboratory, the optimal design of material ratio of mixture is decided, which not only retaines original excellences, but also improves the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, successfully makes good use of improved foreign technique to build deck pavement of giant bridge in China.More>

2002, 2(2): 1-7.

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Effect factors of asphalt mixtures fatigue properties by grey relation degree theory

GE Zhe-sheng, HUANG Xiao-ming

Abstract: Factors that influence asphalt mixtures fatigue properties contain load term, environment term and the material kind.This paper studied intermittent time, frequency, temperature, aggregates gradation, asphalt species, asphalt dosage, actually which factors or which a few factors were important, how each factor influenced asphalt mixtures fatigue properties.Firstly, factors were assembled properly.Under different condition, asphalt mixtures were experimented with the fatigue tests of control stress mode using MTS810.Secondly, relation degree between each factor and fatigue life was analyzed.According to the importance of each factor, the sequence (from important to unimportant) is intermittent time→temperature→asphalt penetration index→frequency→aggregates gradation→asphalt dosage.More>

2002, 2(2): 8-11.

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Backcalculation of pavement layer moduli based on artificial neural networks

CHA Xu-dong, WANG Bing-gang

Abstract: The backcalculation of pavement layer moduli for layered system is researched with JILS FWD according to the model of 3 layered BP neural network and the theory of elastic layered system.The backcalculating ability of accurate network and noise network is compared through the backcalculation of theoretical and measured deflection basins. The key techniques are presented for the backcalculation of moduli with artificial neural networks.The comparisions of the noise network to the common backcalculation programs show that the backcalculation results for the method of neural networks are good in accuracy and reliability.More>

2002, 2(2): 12-15.

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Fatigue characteristic of recycling cement concrete

JI Tian-jian, WANG Hui, CHEN Rong-sheng

Abstract: Recycling cement concrete comes from scrap in maintaining destructive pavement.It can not only reduce cost, but also prevent circumstance pollution.This paper is to study the flexural fatigue performance of recycling cement concrete.The flexural fatigue performance was tested and analyzed throush a great deal of tests.The result indicated that the flexural fatigue performance of recycling cement concrete resembles that of Portland cement concrete.The fatigue life of recycling cement concrete was higher than that of Portland cement concrete under high stress condition.Pavement made from recycling cement concrete satisfies the mechanics of concrete pavement.More>

2002, 2(2): 16-18.

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Method of asphalt mixture immersion stability test

HUANG Yun-yong, LIU Chao-hui, LI Yu-zhi

Abstract: On the base of immersion Marshall test and freeze thaw split test in different air voids in asphalt mixture, the differences of each method in evaluating asphalt mixture immersion stability are compared, and the reasons are analyzed, furthermore, the immersion test method and evaluation index of asphalt mixture are discussed.More>

2002, 2(2): 19-22.

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On indices of temperature susceptibility of asphalt

CHEN Pei-ru, LIU Zhao-yu

Abstract: In China, penetration index PI and equivalent softening point T₈₀₀ are utilized to evaluate the temperature susceptibility of asphalt. The penetration of four kinds of asphalt at five kinds of temperature is measured under two test conditions. PI and T₈₀₀ in four combinations of five kinds of temperature are obtained through regression, and their influenced factors are discussed.Moreover, T₈₀₀ and softening point are compared to G^*/sinδ, high thermal index in PG gradation of SHRP. According to recommendation of asphalt grade criterion in the Eighth Five year National Plan, high thermal grade of four kinds of asphalt is analyzed.More>

2002, 2(2): 23-26, 66.

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Dynamic performances of different structural catenary

MEI Gui-ming, ZHANG Wei-hua, LIU Hong-jiao

Abstract: This paper discusses the finite models of the Germany elasticity stitched catenary and the corresponding simple stitched catenary, calculates the natural frequency and the modes and analyzes the characteristics of the rigidity of the two different structural catenary. And on the basis of that, the equation of the vibration of the catenary is set up and with the linear model of the pantograph, the vertical coupling dynamics model of the pantograph/catenary system is set up. At last, by the dynamical simulation calculating, the effect that the two different structural catenary have on the current collection performance of the pantograph is technologically analyzed and the conclusion is reached that, with the suitable sag, the simple stitched catenary suits the requirement of the civil raising velocity, but for the high speed railway of the speed over 250 km/h, the elasticity stitched catenary should be adopted.More>

2002, 2(2): 27-31.

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Analysis on wheel-rail lateral force of the bogie with independently rotating wheels for rear wheelsets

CHI Mao-ru, WANG Kai-wen, FU Mao-hai, NI Wen-bo, ZHANG Wei-hua

Abstract: The affecting forces of bogies with traditional fixed wheelsets, independently rotating wheels and independently rotating wheels for rear wheelsets are analyzed theoretically.By comparing curving performance of three kinds of bogies based on wheel rail lateral force, it is found that the bogie of independently rotating wheels for rear wheelset is the best one.The dynamic calculating model of a vehicle with independently rotating wheels for rear wheelsets is established.The affecting forces of bogie are analyzed by numerical simulation methods.The results show that theoretical and simulation analyses are identical basically.More>

2002, 2(2): 32-35, 72.

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Nonlinear stability of railway freight cars

WANG Yong, ZENG Jing, ZHANG Wei-hua

Abstract: A nonlinear genetic mathematical model for three piece bogie freight car with 35 degrees of freedom is set up, which can be utilized to analyze the nonlinear dynamic behavior of conventional, cross bracing, self steering and forced steering bogies respectively.The nonlinearities arising due to the wheel/rail interactions and suspension parameters of vehicle system are considered.Numerical bifurcation theory is used for analyzing the nonlinear stability behavior of the freight car.Then the influences of steering and cross bracing mechanisms on the stability of the three piece bogie freight car are studied, and the quasi periodic solutions, chaos in the system are discussed as well.More>

2002, 2(2): 36-40.

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Calculation method of the aerodynamic noise around high speed vehicles

LIU Hong-guang, LU Sen-lin

Abstract: The aerodynamic noise around vehicles at high speeds has become increasingly important and in more and more cases dominates the vehicle noise.It is attributable to the facts that the noises from engine, tire, power train and other noise sources have been signiflcantly reduced and the speeds of vehicles constantly increase in the past decades.It is crucial to carry out the study of aerodynamic noise and explore proper countermeasures for suppressing its contribution to the vehicle noise.In this paper, the integral formulations for the calculation of the aerodynamic noise around high speed vehicles is abstained through the solution of generalized Lighthill's equation.After the formulation is analyzed and suitably simplified according to work condition of vehicles, it becomes clear that their aerodynamic noise is dominated by dipole noise and the fluctuating pressure on outside surface of vehicle is main aerodynamic noise source. Some characteristics of aerodynamics noise around vehicles are discussed and tested.More>

2002, 2(2): 41-44.

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Intelligent meter for measuring CNG mass flow

WU Ke-gang

Abstract: This paper discussed the fundamental principle of the natural gas mass flow meter, and a natural gas mass flow meter which is consist of hot film mass flow sensor and intelligent meter with a micro controller was designed, the meter can measure fuel consumption of CNG vehicles and others.More>

2002, 2(2): 45-47.

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Diagnosing electron-controlled gasoline engine default by exhaust gas sensor

WANG Yun-song

Abstract: The default of ignition system, fuel supply system, electricity system and mechanical mechanism of gasoline engine with carburetor may be diagnosed by secondary ignition wave displayed on automotive oscilloscope, but the running condition ofelectron-controlled engine with three way catalytic converter must be understood only by means of waveform of exhaust gas sensor instead of secondary ignition.If A/F deviates from its theoretical value(14.7), three way catalytic converter's capability to reduce CO, HC and NO_x emissions will rapidly drop.The exhaust gas sensor installed on exhaust gas pipe measures A/F according to oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, and sends feedback signal to ECU in order that A/F converges on its theoretical value.This paper discuses how to analyze electron-controlled engine trouble and its causes using waveform of exhaust gas sensor.More>

2002, 2(2): 48-51.

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Pattern recognition of mechanical failure based on Kohonen network

SHEN Yi, LI Yu, LI Wan-li, YAN Rong-qing

Abstract: The application of Kohonen network to the diagnosing of mechanical failure was studied. The results show that the Kohonen network can discribe the machine's running through testing the characteristic data of decelerating box. Compared with other methods, it is pointed out that this method is reasonable, and this method can monitor and control the decelerating box running.More>

2002, 2(2): 52-54.

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Synthetical evaluation of large ship maneuverability

HONG Bi-guang, JIA Chuan-ying

Abstract: The maneuvering test data of6 model large ships was selected and its influencing factors were analyzed.Besides, IMO ship maneuverability criteria was used for establishing evaluation indices, then the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)was applied for ranking the ship maneuverability.The maneuverability ofVLCC was compared with the ones oflarge bulk carrier and large container ship, the characters of large ship's maneuverability was obtained.More>

2002, 2(2): 55-58.

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Research on vessel squat measurement

DAI Ran, JIA Chuan-ying, SUN Li-cheng

Abstract: The under keel clearance control is one of the most important things for VLCC in ports, the key of determination UKL is the squat caused by vessel sailing.This paper gives a new precision method to measure the actual squat of the vessel.The principle of measurement, the selection of sensors, the integration of system and the techique of data analysis are introduced.Several examples prove the correctness, the reliability and the precision of the method.The results of the actual measurements have the important meaning for VLCC operation in ports.More>

2002, 2(2): 59-62.

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Application of preview follower theory and driver model in the research of vehicle intelligent handling

GAO Zhen-hai, GUAN Xin, GUO Kong-hui

Abstract: Based on the preview follower theory and driver behavior characteristics, the internal coherence between vehicle intelligent handling system and driver handling behavior is indicated that the control characteristic of vehicle intelligent handling system is basically identical with skill driver handling behavoir.With the pattern of driver handling behavior, vehicle intelligent handling system is divided into three modules including information identification, course decision making and performance control, the modules are analyzed in detail, and the simulations of intelligent vehicle direction control are made under some typical road circumstances with system fuzzy decision making theory.Theoretical analysis and the sumulation results show preview follower theory can provide a applicable way to the research of intelligent vehicle, and the driver direction control model based on this theory can be directly used in the research of intelligent vehicle.More>

2002, 2(2): 63-66.

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Automatic division of traffic control sub-area under condition of route guidance

MO Han-kang, PENG Guo-xiong, YUN Mei-ping

Abstract: To implement final integration of route guidance system and traffic control system, much research need to be done.One problem is how to realize data share and coordination between the route guidance system and the real time traffic control system, such as SCAT, SCOOT etc.This paper intends to discuss how the two systems use share data to perform automatic division of traffic control sub area under condition of route guidance.More>

2002, 2(2): 67-72.

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An ITS method to decrease motor-vehicle pollution in urban area

FENG Xiao, CHEN Si-long

Abstract: General principles and methods for improving urban road traffic and controlling motor vehicle pollution by the means of ITS technique are discussed.The ITS technique is not only as a way to improve transportation efficiency, but also as an important method for pollution control.As a real project, an electric not stop charge system that serves 25000 motor vehicles in Chongqing city, southwest of China is contrasted to stop charge method, the data from on site survey show that: CO becomes 1.72 times lower, NO_x becomes 0.49 times lower and THC becomes 0.16 times lower.More>

2002, 2(2): 73-77.

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Theoretic framework and development on research of congested road-use pricing

SHI Feng, LI Zhi-chun

Abstract: Congested road use pricing, an effective measure of modern urban traffic management, plays an important role in theory and practice.The paper generalizes the theoretic framework of road use pricing, including definition, sorts, theoretic foundation of static toll and the theory of dynamic toll, which is very useful for further research on congested road use pricing.More>

2002, 2(2): 78-82.

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Application of travel demand management in China

WANG Feng-yuan, CHEN Yin-san, SONG Nian-xiu

Abstract: There are two approaches in the transportation policy against each other in the present circumstance.One is the conventional approach that a plan should be made following the traffic demand and the other is the approach of TDM (Travel Demand Management) that the traffic demand should be and can be controlled by policy.The former is proved effective when the demand of traffic can be satisfied by the traffic supply as the construction of road and the improvement of traffic facilities under the environmental limits.However, as the dependence on the car becomes more heavier in the developed country, the demand for the traffic supply cannot be met by the limited supply of the traffic system, the TDM is proved indispensable in the moderate of congestion and protection of environment in some developed countries.This paper reviewed some of the findings of the TDM implemented in some developed countries in order to take advantage of the measures or ideas of TDM to influence the policy and the traffic planning decision in China. Some primary ideas or approaches to apply TDM to China is presented for further discussion.More>

2002, 2(2): 83-87.

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Analytical techniques about the supply and demand of urban road network

LI Xu-hong, TIAN Feng, GU Zheng-hua

Abstract: The equilibrium development about the supply and demand of urban road network is a quite important problem faced by urban construction and management department. Through analyzing the capacities of different urban road levels, the calculation method of urban traffic supply is advanced. The characteristics of different traffic models that exist in the incity and interurban traffic systems respectively are researched and the calculation models of urban traffic demand are put forward.The equilibrium status about the traffic demand and supply could be discussed and it can help the decision makers to make some relative policies.More>

2002, 2(2): 88-90.

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Relationship of highway construction projects and its application

TIAN Feng, LI Xu-hong

Abstract: In the regional highway network planning, comparison between planning schemes and economic appraisal is a very important part. The competitive or complementary relationships always exist among different construction projects and result in the beneficial changes of the planning scheme. The reasons why different kinds of relationship occur are researched.The main applications and the basic analysis methods of the relationship of highway construction projects are introduced.More>

2002, 2(2): 91-93, 101.

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Overview of development and current situation on highway capacity research

ZHANG Ya-ping, PEI Yu-long

Abstract: Highway capacity and traffic volume compatibility analysis, as the basis of road traffic construction, is principally used in ascertaining suitable scale and mode of highway construction.It is also an important theoretical substratum for highway net planning, highway engineering feasibility research, road design and evaluation after highway construction.The current situation about highway capacity research in China and abroad is introduced and analyzed. The goal of capacity research and the key technology are put forward, and then the developing trend of capacity research is presented.Finally, the problems and insufficiency of highway capacity research in China at present are pointed out.More>

2002, 2(2): 94-97.

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Method of traffic assignment based on circuit-theoretics

MA Rong-guo, LIU Hong-ying

Abstract: After referring to present methods of traffic assignment, the paper analyzes the system of road traffic in detail and compares the system of road traffic with circuit about semblable character.At last the method of traffic assignment based on circuit theoretics is put forward.More>

2002, 2(2): 98-101.

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Layout model of logistics infrastructure

DAI He, YANG Dong-yuan, LI Qun-feng

Abstract: How to plan the logistics infrastructure layout is presented. It is emphasized that the logistics parks and the freight thoroughfares should be integrated in planning and that not only economic factors, but also social factors and environmental factors should be considered. The main contents of the logistics infrastructure planning include determining the number of logistics parks, putting forward the candidate plans of logistics parks and freight thoroughfares layout, analyzing the accessibility of logistics parks, analyzing the connection attribute of freight thoroughfares, selecting the feasible collections of plans by using DEA, and selecting the optimized plan by using AHP.More>

2002, 2(2): 102-105.

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Management and construction of present civil airports

GAO Jin-hua

Abstract: With the development of economy and traffic, the function of civil airports expands steadily, and the concept of airports is extended.An airport not only is an expanse that is used for take off and landing of an aircraft, but also is a gathering and distributing center of passengers and cargos.Even it is an economical entity.These set higher, deeper and wider demands on management and construction of airports.The management of airports covers a lot of grounds, but it mainly includes three categories: operation management, business management and management of planning and construction.An airport, the city it is in, and surrounding region should interplay and help each other forward.The planning of the city development must take those into account.The category and the content of management, construction and planning of airports should be suited to the development of the cities and the transportation.Engineering construction and a high degree of informationization are guarantees of realizing the function of airports.More>

2002, 2(2): 106-109.

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Project financing models of China railway

FENG Fen-ling, LI Xia-miao

Abstract: On the basis of studying the principle of the model plan of railway project financing and classifying railway construction project, the financing models of project financing were analyzed in detail.Five financing models, such as BOT and ABS et al are considered applicable to Chinese railway project.Some suggestions about the financing models of railway project were presented.More>

2002, 2(2): 110-113.

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Distribution strategy and leasing strategy in the environment of inland empty container transportation

SHI Xin

Abstract: This paper developed the comprehensive model to optimize the distribution of the empty container in inland transportation system, in which both distribution strategy and leasing strategy have been considered. Then the simulation has been given to explore the internal rule existing in the procedure of decision making. The results show that the relationship among various kinds of costs will determine the choice of two different strategies.More>

2002, 2(2): 114-119.

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Optimization for adjusting train operation on busy sections of single-track line

YE Jun-qing, LI Xia-miao

Abstract: Through analyzing and probing the procedure, targets and methods for adjusting train operation on busy sections of single track line, this paper presents a hierarchy decision policy on the basis of decision support expert system. Its optimization models and resolving methods based on man machine combination are put forward.More>

2002, 2(2): 120-122.

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Gravity model for partitioning port hinterlands based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

YANG Jia-qi

Abstract: With the continuing multivariation of port functions, the factors affecting the partition of port hinterlands are also diversifying.In order to improve the scientificalness and rationality of partitioning port hinterlands, this paper adopts a combined approach of the gravity model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to determine the attractive power and service areas of port, and examines the application of the approach through a calculational example.The paper provides a theory guide for rational partitioning of port hinterlands and scientific drawing up of port development plan.More>

2002, 2(2): 123-126.

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2002 Vol. 2, No. 2

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